A fish maintains its depth in fresh water by adjusting the air content of porous bone or air sacs to make its average density the same as that of the water. Suppose that with its air sacs collapsed, a fish has a density of 1.18 g/cm3. To what fraction of its expanded body volume must the fish inflate the air sacs to reduce its density to that of water?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

0.153

Explanation:

We know the up-thrust on the fish, U = weight of water displaced = weight of fish + weight of air in air sacs.

So ρVg = ρ'V'g + ρ'V"g where ρ = density of water = 1 g/cm³, V = volume of water displaced, g = acceleration due to gravity, ρ'= density of fish = 1.18 g/cm³, V' = initial volume of fish, ρ"= density of air = 0.0012 g/cm³ and V" = volume of expanded air sac.

ρVg = ρ'V'g + ρ"V"g

ρV = ρ'V'g + ρ"V"

Its new body volume = volume of water displaced, V = V' + V"

ρ(V' + V") = ρ'V' + ρ"V"

ρV' + ρV" = ρ'V' + ρ"V"

ρV' - ρ"V'  = ρ'V" - ρV"

(ρ - ρ")V'  = (ρ' - ρ)V"

V'/V" = (ρ - ρ")/(ρ' - ρ)

= (1 g/cm³ - 0.0012 g/cm³)/(1.18 g/cm³ - 1 g/cm³)

= (0.9988 g/cm³ ÷ 0.18 g/cm³)

V'/V" = 5.55

Since V = V' + V"

V' = V - V"

(V - V")/V" = 5.55

V/V" - V"/V" = 5.55

V/V" - 1 = 5.55

V/V" = 5.55 + 1

V/V" = 6.55

V"/V = 1/6.55

V"/V = 0.153

So, the fish must inflate its air sacs to 0.153 of its expanded body volume


Related Questions

Where would you be likely to find the alpine tundra biome?
a. the Russian north woods
b. central plains of the United States
c. the southern most tip of Australia
d. a mountain range in Europe

Answers

Answer:

The answer is D.

Explanation:

D- A mountain range in Europe

Alpine tundra is found on high-latitude landmasses, above the Arctic Circle like Russia, Greenland, Iceland, and Scandinavia. Thus option A is correct

What is alpine tundra?

Alpine tundra is a type of ecosystem that occurs at high elevations characterized by colder temperatures, long winters, and growing seasons are shorter with no trees.

The Russian north woods have Treeless tundra and distinctive vegetation known as Beringian woodland, high mountain range, and long winter. so option A is correct.

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A person infected with the Ebola virus will experience symptoms within 2 to 21 days of being exposed to the virus. During this time, the virus uses cell machinery to make copies of itself. Ebola symptoms include fever, severe headaches, vomiting, and unexplained bleeding or bruising The reproductive cycle of the Ebola virus that most likely causes symptoms within 2 days is - A lysogenic because the onset of the symptoms is delayed Blytic because the individual experiences symptoms very quickly after infection C lysogenic because the onset of symptoms occurs in individuals over 60 years of age Dlytic because the virus affects the circulatory system​

Answers

B) Lytic because the individual experiences symptoms very quickly after infection.

Recall that in a lytic cycle of reproduction, the host cell undergoes lysis following virus replication. This results in rapid onset of symptoms.

2. The diagram below represents a food web composed of producers, consumers, and
decomposers.
A
B
D
Which group would represent the decomposer organisms?
1) A
2) B
3) C
4) D

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

because that is the 2nd decompers

B group would represent the decomposer organisms. Therefore, the correct option is B.

What are Decomposers?

Decomposers are organisms that convert decaying organic matter into more basic components. They are an important component of the nutrition cycle because they convert complex chemical substances, such as nitrogen and carbon, into direct nutrients that can be absorbed by plants and other living things.

Some species of bacteria, fungi and insects are specialized decomposers. These organisms are essential to maintaining healthy soil because they aid in the recycling of nutrients and the breakdown of organic matter, which would otherwise build up and cause nutrient imbalances. Decomposers, which break down dead organisms and aid in the containment of pathogens, may be important in disease prevention.

Therefore, the correct option is B.

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PLEASE HELP! I WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST. Explain the process of succession.

Answers

Answer: Succession is a series of  changes in the composition of an ecological community over time.

Explanation:

i hoped this helped

Which of the following describes the relationship between genes and chromosomes?

Select one:

Every gene an organism has is found on every one of its chromosomes.

Genes are special sequences of nucleic acids found on chromosomes.

All of an organism’s chromosomes can be found next to its genes in the cell nucleus.

Chromosomes form into genes during cellular reproduction.

Answers

Answer:

Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body. Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain a person's genes. Genes are contained in chromosomes, which are in the cell nucleus.

Explanation:

What is the primary purpose of special-interest groups?
O A. To determine a person's social status
O B. To control the means of production
C. To teach people how to take care of themselves
D. To influence political decisions


Answers

Answer:

The answer is D. To influence political decisions

Explanation:

What does dna turn into?

Answers

Answer:

rna

Explanation:

it turns in rna and I do t wanna type more

The DNA turns into RNA

How much time does it take to use 300 W of power to do 1800 J of work? Round your answer to the near
number.
SERE
The time is
S.

Answers

Answer:

the answer is 6 secs rounded to nearest ten is 10

Explanation:

hope it helps

In 1980, Mt. St. Helens erupted. The resulting lahar flowed over a wide area of the Cascade Mountains. Which of these statements DOES NOT describe the effect of the volcanic eruption?



A. It affected the living and nonliving components of the ecosystem.
B. It removed populations of mammals from the mountainside.
C. It led to succession on the mountainside.
D. It affected only nonliving components of the ecosystem.

Answers

The answer you looking for would be D

Correct answer is C

Have a great day!

1. A stream dries up. Did the water in the stream:

a. gain energy

b. loose eergy

c. keep the same amount of energy

d. never had energy

Explain your answer.''

Answers

It gained energy I believe, in order to evaporate it needs more kinetic energy.

Elements in the same column of the periodic table of the elements all
A. have the same number of protons.
B. share the same atomic structure.
C. have similar physical characteristics.
D. share the same number of neutrons

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

elements in the same column have different number of protons and different number of neutrons.

Elements in the same column of the periodic table of elements all share the same atomic structure. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.

What is the similarity in the elements that belong to the same column?

Each column is called a group. The elements in each group have the same number of electrons in the outer orbital. Those outer electrons are also called valence electrons. They are the electrons involved in chemical bonds with other elements.

The number of protons governs the atomic number of an element. So, elements never have the same number of protons. The number of neutrons along with protons governs the atomic mass of an element which also never remains the same.

The physical characteristics of any element depend on the majority of the attributes. So, it may also vary from element to element.

Therefore, elements in the same column of the periodic table of elements all share the same atomic structure. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.

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What kingdom is made of organisms that are eukaryotic, plant-like, do not move, and do not carry on photosynthesis?

Answers

Answer:

protists

Explanation:

Answer:

Protists are organisms that are part of the biological kingdom called the protista. These organisms are not plants, animals, bacteria, or fungi. Protists are a very diverse group of organisms. They are basically all the organisms that don't fit into the other groups.

Explanation:

okra seed contains reserve food which is stored in...
A. seed coat
B. seed leaves
C. embryo
D. seed scar​

Answers

Answer: For my knowledge of most plants, I'm pretty sure it's C., embryo.

Explanation: . . .

Please select the word from the list that best fits the definition

plants that require short nights to flower


long-day plants
gibberellins
stimulus
cytokinins
day-neutral plants
photoperiodism
short-day plants
abscisic acid
tropism auxin
photosynthesis
respiration

Answers

Answer:

long-day plants

gibberellins

stimulus

cytokinins

day-neutral plants

photoperiodism

short-day plants

abscisic acid

tropism auxin

photosynthesis

respiration

Freshwater ecosystems can be grouped as those that are still, those that are flowing, and those that contain salt.

Answers

Answer:

true

Explanation:

PLS HELP IM TIMED
Which human activity causes an immediate increase in the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?

A.
biological magnification

B.
burning fossil fuels

C.
deforestation

Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

On Earth, human activities are changing the natural greenhouse. Over the last century the burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil has increased the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). This happens because the coal or oil burning process combines carbon with oxygen in the air to make CO2.

Which of these organisms is NOT made from eukaryotic cells

A. Amoeba
B. Lion
C. Fungi
D.pine tree
E.bacteria

Answers

Answer:

E. Bacteria

Explanation:

Bacteria are made of prokaryotic cells

There is a population of alien dogs, species Dogus Cute-ee-us, that live on the planet Woof. Their genomes and biology are amazingly identical to the genomes and biology of earth dogs. Consider a di-hybrid cross, where the first locus has alleles A and a, and second locus has alleles B and b. Each additional copy of either an A or B allele in the two-locus genotype increases the friendliness of the dog. Friendliness is measured by the Wilcoxon-Canus Amicus Diagnostic Scale (WCADS). There are five categories:

0 = Unfriendly/Loner (although not aggressive);
1 = Somewhat friendly/shy;
2 = Friendly;
3 = Very friendly;
4 = Maximally friendly.

For example, an alien dog with a two-locus genotype of Aabb would have a Somewhat friendly/shy behavior, since there is one copy of A and zero copies of B, adding to a score of 1 for the WCADS. Similarly, an alien dog with a two-locus genotype of AaBB has a Very friendly behavior (one copy of A + two copies of B = three copies total of A or B).

In the following mating: AaBb x AaBb, what is the expected ratio of Maximally friendly:Very friendly:Friendly:Somewhat friendly:Unfriendly alien dogs in the offspring, assuming the parents produce a very large litter?

a. 0:1:1:1:0
b. 1:2:3:2:1
c. 1:4:6:4:1
d. 9:3:3:1

Answers

Answer:

c. 1:4:6:4:1

Explanation:

The term quantitative heritability refers to the transmission of a phenotypic trait in which expression depends on the additive effect of a series of genes.  

Polygenic heritability occurs when a trait results from the interaction of more than one gene. And these genes can also have more than two alleles. The action of many genes and alleles can cause many different combinations that are the reason for genotypic graduation.  

Quantitative traits are those that can be measure, such as longitude, weight, eggs laid per female, among others. In the exposed example, the measurable trait is the dog´s friendliness. These characters do not group individuals by any precise and clear categories. Instead, they group individuals in many different categories that depend on how the genes were intercrossed and distributed during meiosis. The result depends on the magnitude in which each allele contributes to the final phenotype and genotype. When they interact, they create a gradation in phenotypes, according to the level of contribution.  

In the exposed example, each dominant allele contributes with a higher level of friendliness.    

aabb → 0 = Unfriendly/Loner (although not aggressive); Aabb, aaBb → 1 = Somewhat friendly/shy; AAbb, AaBb, aaBB → 2 = Friendly; AABb, aABB → 3 = Very friendly; AABB → 4 = Maximally friendly.

Cross: between two dihybrid friendly dogs

Parentals) AaBb    x    AaBb

Gametes) AB, Ab, aB, ab

                AB, Ab, aB, ab

Punnett square)   AB       Ab       aB       ab

                   AB   AABB   AABb  AaBB  AaBb

                    Ab   AABb    AAbb  AaBb  Aabb

                    aB   AaBB    AaBb   aaBB   aaBb

                    ab    AaBb    Aabb   aaBb   aabb

F1) 1/16 AABB ⇒ 4 = Maximally friendly

    4/16 AABb + AaBB ⇒ 3 = Very friendly

    6/16 AAbb + AaBb + aaBB ⇒ 2 = Friendly

    4/16 Aabb + aaBb ⇒ 1 = Somewhat friendly/shy

    1/16 aabb ⇒ 0 = Unfriendly/Loner

The Phenotypic ratio is 1:4:6:4:1

   

Immunization with the childhood DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus) vaccine protects against subsequent exposure to tetanus by Group of answer choices generating tetanus-specific memory B cells. producing life-spanning antitetanus IgE antibodies. stimulating quick inflammation upon future exposure. preloading antigen-presenting cells. stopping isotype switching of B cells from IgM to IgA.

Answers

Answer:

generating tetanus-specific memory B cells

Explanation:

Memory B cells are cells of the immune system that produce antibodies against specific antigens present in pathogenic organisms. The B lymphocyte cells produce clonal memory B cells after the first exposure to the antigen, a process known as clonal selection. Subsequently, memory B cells that circulate in the bloodstream trigger a rapid secondary immune response (after a second exposure to the antigen) by producing antibodies against specific antigens that activated their parent B cell. Moreover, the DPT vaccine includes purified tetanus toxins (i.e., target antigens) that induce clonal expansion in specific B cells, thereby generating a population of memory B cells that produce specific antibodies rapidly in secondary immune responses.

Compare and contrast the methods used by bacteria and protozoa to stay alive. Even when conditions within the environment are
unfavorable for the growth and survival of the organism.

Answers

Answer:

Protozoa formed cysts and bacteria produces endospores.

Explanation:

Protozoa can survive in dry and unfavourable environments, by producing resting cysts that enable them to remain dormant until conditions are favourable while on the other hand, bacteria produce special dehydrated cells called Endospore which helps the bacteria to survive unfavourable environmental conditions. These endospores help bacteria to resist high temperature, radiation, drying, and other environmental extremes.

what are the tropical rainforest dominant animals(biotic)

Answers

Answer:

The most dominant animal species found in a tropical rainforest are mammals and birds that have adapted to a life in the trees. In a tropical rainforests you can see anything from a chimpanzee to a jambu fruit dove.

Explanation:

Large flying fox, Great Hornbill, Kinkajou, Crowned Eagle. Hope this helped!

question on picture for biology

Answers

Answer:

water enteringthrough the lungs

Explanation:

hope it's correct

Answer:

water entering through the lungs

Explanation:

PLEASE HELP!!!! WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST!!!!!!

Answers

Answer:Nucleotide

A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule


Which will form an ionic bond?
A. Two oxygen atoms
B. Two oppositely-charged ions
Ο Ο Ο
C. Any two neutral atoms
D. Two negative ions

Answers

Hey Mate Here Is Your Answer

Option B- Two Oppositely-Charged Ions

Hope This Helps You ❤️

True or False. Only animals have adaptations that better allow them to survive and reproduce, flowers do not.

Answers

false. Plants have adaptations to help them survive (live and grow) in different areas. Adaptations are special features that allow a plant or animal to live in a particular place or habitat.

Answer:

false

Explanation:

The characteristic of light waves that makes objects appear bent when placed in water is called
A.Reflection
B.interference
C.bending
D.refraction

Answers

Answer:

D: Refraction

Explanation:

A: Reflection is not when light goes through water. C: Bending is not the correct term used.

What is the distinctive feature of entrepreneurship?
A.
An entrepreneur gets funds from the government.
B.
An entrepreneur raises capital from the market.
C.
An entrepreneur only invests capital in the venture and has no decision-making power.
D.
An entrepreneur enjoys all the profits and absorbs the losses.

Answers

Answer: Option D.

An entrepreneur enjoys all the profits and absorbs the losses

Explanation:

An entrepreneur is someone who set up a business and also enjoy all the profits and bear its lose. An entrepreneur is an initiator of new things and procedures. He creates a new business using his on creative ideas, innovations and the proceedings to the involved. He is the sole contributor of ideas and capital involved.

Which biome is characterized by very low temperatures, little precipitation, permafrost and plants that adapted to be short in height with broad roots systems in order to gain enough water from the dry areas?

Answers

Answer:

tundra

Explanation:

Can somebody help me out

Answers

Answer: HALF

Explanation:

CONTEXT CLUES AND I TOOK IT BEFORE

The answer is Half for sure

Match each immune cell with the method it uses to neutralize a pathogenic microbe that has infected a human - Cytotoxic T cell - Helper T cell - B cell - Natural Killer Cell - Macrophage - Mast Cell A. kills infected human cells after recognizing antigens displayed on MHC class 1 B. does not directly kill microbes; after recognition of a specific antigen displayed on MHC Class 2, it secretes molecules that help other cells to do so. C. phagocytoses microbes after recognizing specific antigens; secretes antibodies D. kills virus-infected human cells by releasing perforin and granzymes. E. Phagocytoses microbes after recognizing PAMPs; acts as an Antigen Presenting Cell to activate another type of immune cell F. Does not directly kill microbes; secretes histamine to initiate an inflammatory response.

Answers

Answer:

Cytotoxic T cell - kills infected human cells after recognizing antigens displayed on MHC class 1 B.

Helper T cell - does not directly kill microbes; after recognition of a specific antigen displayed on MHC Class 2, it secretes molecules that help other cells to do so.

B cell - phagocytoses microbes after recognizing specific antigens; secretes antibodies

Natural Killer Cell - kills virus-infected human cells by releasing perforin and granzymes.

Macrophage - Phagocytoses microbes after recognizing PAMPs; acts as an Antigen Presenting Cell to activate another type of immune cell

Mast Cell - Does not directly kill microbes; secretes histamine to initiate an inflammatory response.

Explanation:

T cell are immune-response cells that originate in the bone marrow but migrate and develop in the thymus gland. They are of two classes; Cytotoxic T cells and Helper T cells.

Cytotoxic T cell - kills infected human cells after recognizing antigens displayed on MHC (Major histocompatibility complex) class 1 B.

Helper T cell - does not directly kill microbes; after recognition of a specific antigen displayed on MHC Class 2, it secretes molecules that help other cells to do so.

B cells are formed and develop in the bone marrow. They make antibodies against antigens, and phagocytoses microbes after recognizing specific antigen.

Natural Killer Cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes of the innate immune system. They kill virus-infected human cells by releasing perforin and granzymes.

Macrophages are a type of white blood cells that detects and phagocytoses microbes after recognizing PAMPs (Pathogen-associated molecular pattern) They also act as Antigen Presenting Cell (APCs) to activate another type of immune cell

Mast Cells are cells found in the connctive and they function as part of the immune system of the body. They do not directly kill microbes. They secrete histamine to initiate an inflammatory response.

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