The mass of the ice melted by a complete transfer of thermal energy is 83.84 g.
What is the mass of the ice melted?The mass of the ice melted by a complete transfer of thermal energy is calculated by applying the following equation as follows;
Q = mcΔθ
where;
m is the massc is the specific heat of waterΔθ is change in temperatureheat gained by the ice = heat loss by the steam
The mass of the ice melted by a complete transfer of thermal energy is calculated;
m x heat of fusion = 12.39g x heat of vaporization
m x 334 J/g = 12.39 g x 2260 J/g
334m = 28,001.4
m = 28,001.4 / 334
m = 83.84 g
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. what is the concentration of the cd2 (aq) ion in a 0.022 m cd(no3)2 solution that is also 1.0 m nh3? at this temperature, kf for cd(nh3)4 2
The concentration of Cd2+ ion in the 0.022 M Cd(NO3)2 solution that is also 1.0 M NH3 at this temperature,
Kf for Cd(NH3)42+ is 1.0 × 10−5 M.
The given constants are:
Temperature (T) = not given
Kf (Formation constant) for
[Cd(NH3)4]2+ = 1.6 x 10^7
Kf = (4)2 / ([Cd2+][NH3]4) [Cd2+]
= (4)2 / (Kf [NH3]4)
The given values are:
Initial concentration of Cd(NO3)2 solution = 0.022 M
Initial concentration of NH3 solution = 1.0 MCd2+ is a part of complex ion, Cd(NH3)42+.
Cd2+ forms a complex ion by reacting with four NH3 molecules.
Cd2+ + 4NH3 ⇌ Cd(NH3)42+
In this reaction, Cd2+ ion reacts with four NH3 molecules to form Cd(NH3)42+ complex ion.
Cd2+ has an equilibrium constant (Kf) of 1.6 x 107 for the complex ion formation.
Cd2+ and NH3 react to form the complex ion, Cd(NH3)42+ as follows:
[Cd2+][NH3]4 ⇌ [Cd(NH3)4]2+
We know that
Kf = ([Cd(NH3)4]2+ ) / ([Cd2+][NH3]4)
Kf = 1.6 × 107
= [Cd(NH3)4]2+ / ([Cd2+][NH3]4) [Cd2+]
= 4^2 / (Kf [NH3]4)[Cd2+]
= (4^2) / (1.6 × 107 × 1.0^4)[Cd2+]
= 1.0 × 10−5 M
Therefore, the concentration of Cd2+ ion in the 0.022 M Cd(NO3)2 solution that is also 1.0 M NH3 at this temperature,
Kf for Cd(NH3)42+ is 1.0 × 10−5 M.
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HELP ME ASAPPP plsss
ClO3−
Draw the molecule by placing atoms on the grid and connecting them with bonds. Include all lone pairs of electrons. Show the formal charges of all atoms in the correct structure.
The molecule ClO₃⁻ consists of one chlorine atom (Cl) and three oxygen atoms (O), with a negative charge (⁻) on the molecule.
The molecule ClO₃⁻ consists of one chlorine atom (Cl) and three oxygen atoms (O), with a negative charge (⁻) on the molecule.
The chlorine atom (Cl) is in the center, bonded to one oxygen atom (O) through a single bond and to the other two oxygen atoms (O) through double bonds. Each oxygen atom (O) has two lone pairs of electrons around it.
When all the electrons of an atom are shared equally, the charge attained by the atom is known as a formal charge.
The formal charge can be calculated as:
Formal charge =
valence electron - non-bonding electron - bonding electron/2
In the molecule, the formal charge of Oxygen = -1.
In the molecule, the formal charge of Chlorine = +2
The oxygen atom has 8 electrons, in which 2 are shared in the bond formation, and 6 electrons are valence electrons.
The chlorine atom has 7 valence electrons in which 6 electron pairs are shared with the oxygen atom, and 1 lone pair has been available with Cl.
The structure of molecule ClO₃⁻ has been given in the image attached. The image shows the available lone pairs and the bonding in the structure.
Thus, the molecule has a formal charge of -1 on all oxygen atoms, and +2 on the Cl atom.
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calculate the phph of 1.0 ll of the solution upon addition of 0.010 molmol of solid naohnaoh to the original buffer solution.
The pH of a 1.0 L solution will be calculated after adding 0.010 mol of solid NaOH to the original buffer solution.
To determine the pH of the solution after the addition of NaOH, we need to consider the properties of the buffer solution and the effect of NaOH on its pH. A buffer solution consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid) and helps maintain a relatively stable pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.
When solid NaOH is added to the buffer solution, it dissociates into Na+ and OH- ions. The OH- ions will react with the weak acid component of the buffer, causing the formation of water and the conjugate base of the weak acid. This reaction reduces the concentration of the weak acid in the solution, shifting the equilibrium towards the basic side.
The addition of a small amount of NaOH to the buffer solution will result in a small change in pH. The extent of the pH change will depend on the initial buffer capacity and the amount of NaOH added. If the buffer is strong and has a high capacity, the pH change will be relatively small.
To calculate the exact pH, we need to know the initial concentrations of the weak acid and its conjugate base in the buffer solution and their dissociation constants (Ka). With this information, we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, which relates the pH of a buffer solution to the concentrations of the weak acid and its conjugate base, to calculate the pH after the addition of NaOH.
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explain why it is important to eat the wet sand before heating the iron wool
Answer:
huh,eat wet sand b4heating iron wool??
Which traits do you think are passed down from alien parents to their offspring, and which traits are not? Explain.
Answer:
things like hair color, eye color, skin color, size of lips, curly or straight hair, are things that could be passed down to an offspring. Things like tattoos wont be passed down.
Explanation:
things like hair color, eye color, etc. get passed down because those are inheritable traits and things like tattoo aren't.
Cooking an egg is one type of process, while the formation of snow is another. Which answer best explains which is exothermic and which is endothermic? Cooking an egg is endothermic because the egg gains heat from the surrounding Formation of snow is exothermic because water loses heat to the surrounding wh becomes snow. Cooking an egg is exothermic because the egg loses heat to the surroundings. Formation of snow is endothermic because water gains heat when it forms snow
Cooking an egg is endothermic because the egg gains heat from the surrounding. The formation of snow is exothermic because water loses heat to the surroundings when it becomes snow.
The endothermic process refers to the process in which heat is absorbed, while the exothermic process refers to the process in which heat is released.
The egg receives/absorbs heat from a heat source,(e.g. the stove), which raises the temperature of the egg and causes it to cook, making it an endothermic process.
On the other hand, heat is released from the water molecule when the water vapor present in the atmosphere condenses and freezes to form snow. Therefore, the formation of snow is exothermic.
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Cooking an egg is endothermic because the egg gains heat from the surroundings, while the formation of snow is exothermic because water loses heat to the surroundings, resulting in the formation of snow.
In terms of energy transfer, an endothermic process absorbs heat from the surroundings, while an exothermic process releases heat to the surroundings. When cooking an egg, heat is applied to the egg through methods such as boiling, frying, or baking. The egg absorbs heat from the surrounding environment to cook and undergo chemical and physical changes. As a result, cooking an egg is an endothermic process because the egg gains heat from its surroundings.
On the other hand, the formation of snow occurs when water vapor in the atmosphere condenses into ice crystals. This process is exothermic because water vapor loses heat to the surroundings, causing the water molecules to slow down and form a solid structure. The release of heat during this phase transition results in the formation of snow. Therefore, the correct explanation is that cooking an egg is endothermic because the egg gains heat from the surroundings, while the formation of snow is exothermic because water loses heat to the surroundings, leading to the formation of snow.
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Boyle's Law shows an inverse relationship between:
Answer:
According to Boyle's Law, an inverse relationship exists between pressure and volume. Boyle's Law holds true only if the number of molecules (n) and the temperature (T) are both constant.
Cobalt Complexes Cobalt ions form the complex ion hexaaquacobalt(II), [Co(H20).]2+, with water molecules. In the presence of chloride ions the complex ion tetrachlorocobalt(II) (CoCl4]2-is formed. [Co(H20).]2+ (aq, pink) + 4C1-(aq) = [CoC14]2-(aq, blue) + 6H2O(1) Focus Questions: 1. What is the dominant species of cobalt at each step? 2. Is the formation of the tetrachlorocobalt(II) complex an exothermic or an endothermic process? (Hint: watch for temperature changes). 3. Are there any other ways of shifting this equilibrium?
1. In the beginning, cobalt ions combine with six water molecules and form a complex ion, hexaaquacobalt(II) as shown below:[Co(H2O)6]2+ (aq). The hexaaquacobalt(II) ion (pink in colour) is dominant here.
After that, the hexaaquacobalt(II) ion combines with four chloride ions, forming the tetrachlorocobalt(II) ion.[CoCl4]2-(aq) + 6H2O(1)Here, the tetrachlorocobalt(II) ion (blue) is the dominant species.
2.The process of forming tetrachlorocobalt(II) is endothermic. The temperature of the solution decreases when CoCl4 is formed. It means that the energy is absorbed from the surroundings in the formation of the complex ion.
3. Le Chatelier's principle can be used to determine the effect of changing different factors on the equilibrium of this reaction. Some of the ways to shift the equilibrium of this reaction are a. Changing the concentration of the reactants or products. b. Changing the temperature of the reaction. c. Changing the pressure of the reaction.
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which of the following combinations cannot produce a buffer solution? * 1 point hno2 and nano2 hcn and nacn hclo4 and naclo4 nh3 and (nh4)2so4 nh3 and nh4br
The answer is hclo4 and naclo4
Explanation:Buffer solutions are solutions that can resist changes in pH upon addition of acid or base. They are mixtures of weak acids and their corresponding weak bases or mixtures of salts of weak acids and their corresponding strong bases.A buffer solution must have an appreciable amount of both a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid.
Therefore, the combination of a strong acid and a strong base cannot produce a buffer solution because they do not have the necessary weak acid or base species.hno2 and nano2 can produce a buffer solution because nitrous acid is a weak acid and sodium nitrite is its conjugate base.hcn and nacn can produce a buffer solution because hydrogen cyanide is a weak acid and sodium cyanide is its conjugate base.nh3 and (nh4)2so4 can produce a buffer solution because ammonia is a weak base and ammonium sulfate is a salt of its conjugate acid.nh3 and nh4br can produce a buffer solution because ammonia is a weak base and ammonium bromide is a salt of its conjugate acid.hclo4 and naclo4 cannot produce a buffer solution because both are strong acids and therefore, they don't have any weak acid or base species.
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How would you prepare a 35 ml solution of 95% (volume/volume solution of ethanol?
Explanation:
Solutions. 1. If 47 g of KCl dissolved in enough water to give 375 mL of soloution, what is the molarity ... vo volume of solute . ... v/v ethanol, how much 95% v/v ethanol ... prepare 200. mL ...
What do the quantum numbers of electrons represent?
A. The total number of protons and electrons in the atom
B. The number of valence electrons the atom has
O C. The oxidation states most common to the atom
D. The energy levels and orbitals the electrons are in
Answer:
the energy levels and orbitals the electrons are in
Explanation:
i just took the test :)
The energy levels and orbitals the electrons are in. Hence, option D is correct.
What are atoms?An atom contains a central nucleus surrounded by one or more electrons.
The quantum numbers of electrons represent the probable distance of the electron from the nucleus. It refers to the size of the orbital and the energy level an electron is placed in.
Hence, option D is correct.
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How can a weaker party impact the law making process?
Answer: This is due to a dominance of political parties over ... legislative process, the influence opposition has on amending the government bills and formal and effective
Explanation: hope u get it right
You are given a 1.55 g mixture of calcium nitrate and calcium chloride. You dissolve this mixture in 20 mL of water and add an excess of 0.300 M silver nitrate. You collect and dry the resulting precipitate and determine it has a mass of 0.535 grams. Calculate the percent calcium chloride in the original mixture.
Answer:
13.4 (w/w)% of CaCl₂ in the mixture
Explanation:
All the Cl⁻ that comes from CaCl₂ (Calcium chloride) will be precipitate in presence of AgNO₃ as AgCl.
To solve this problem we must find the moles of AgCl = Moles of Cl⁻. As 2 moles of Cl⁻ are in 1 mole of CaCl₂ we can find the moles of CaCl₂ and its mass in order to find mass percent of calcium chloride in the original mixture.
Moles AgCl - Molar mass: 143.32g/mol -:
0.535g * (1mol / 143.32g) = 3.733x10⁻³ moles AgCl = Moles Cl⁻
Moles CaCl₂:
3.733x10⁻³ moles Cl⁻ * (1mol CaCl₂ / 2mol Cl⁻) = 1.866x10⁻³ moles CaCl₂
Mass CaCl₂ -Molar mass: 110.98g/mol-:
1.866x10⁻³ moles CaCl₂ * (110.98g/mol) = 0.207g of CaCl₂ in the mixture
That means mass percent of CaCl₂ is:
0.207g CaCl₂ / 1.55g * 100 =
13.4 (w/w)% of CaCl₂ in the mixturein the late 1970s, proponents of rational expectations argued that. the sacrifice ratio was smaller than previously thought.
In the late 1970s, proponents of rational expectations argued that (a.) the Fed should not attempt to aggressively fight inflation.
Proponents of rational expectations in the late 1970s argued that the Fed should not aggressively fight inflation because they believed that people have rational expectations and would adjust their behavior accordingly.
According to their theory, if the central bank attempted to stimulate the economy by expanding the money supply, individuals and firms would anticipate the inflationary effects and adjust their expectations, wages, and prices accordingly.
As a result, the expansionary monetary policy would be ineffective in stimulating real economic activity, but would only lead to higher inflation.
Therefore, they advocated for a more hands-off approach by the central bank and argued that monetary policy should primarily focus on maintaining price stability.
The complete question should be:
In the late 1970s, proponents of rational expectations argued that
a. the Fed should not attempt to aggressively fight inflation.
b. the sacrifice ratio was smaller than previously thought.
c. the short run was relatively long.
d. None of the above is correct
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Collision theory states that when two molecules collide with each other with sufficient energy and hit in the proper orientation, a
bond is formed. Which action will increase the rate of reaction in a closed container?
A)
adding an inert gas
B)
expand the volume
C)
increase the temperature
D
decrease the concentration
Answer:
c increase the temperature
Explanation:
what is the ratio between the energy and oxygen based on the equation
The ratio between the energy and oxygen is 21.36 kJ/g of oxygen.
According to the given balanced equation:C_{2}H_{5}OH + 2O_{2} → 2CO_{2} + 3H_{2}O + 1367 kJ. The balanced equation tells us that one molecule of C_{2}H_{5}OH reacts with two molecules of O2 to form two molecules of CO2, three molecules of H_{2}O, and 1367 kJ of energy. Therefore, to determine the ratio between energy and oxygen, we need to first find the energy released per mole of O2 reacted. To do this, we need to use the energy released by the combustion of 1 mole of C_{2}H_{5}OH, which is given as 1367 kJ. So, 1 mole of C_{2}H_{5}OH releases 1367 kJ of energy. To balance the equation, 2 moles of O2 are required for every mole of C_{2}H_{5}OH reacted. So, 2 moles of O2 is equivalent to 1367 kJ of energy. Therefore, the energy released per mole of O2 is 1367/2 = 683.5 kJ/mol. Oxygen has a molar mass of 32 g/mol and therefore the mass of one mole of oxygen is 32 g/mol. Using the molar mass of oxygen and the energy released per mole of O2, we can calculate the energy released per gram of oxygen as follows: Energy released per gram of O2 = Energy released per mole of O2 / Molar mass of O2= 683.5 / 32 = 21.36 kJ/g. Therefore, the ratio between the energy and oxygen is 21.36 kJ/g of oxygen.
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complete question: C_{2}H_{5}OH + 2O_{2} → 2CO_{2} + 3H_{2}O + 1367 kJ
What is the ratio between the energy and oxygen based on the equation?
-[?] kJ
[?]mol O2
in the following reaction, which element in what species is reduced? zn (s) 2 hcl (aq) → zncl₂ (aq) h₂ (g)
Answer : The element that is reduced in the given reaction is hydrogen (H).
Explanation: In the given reaction, Zn (s) 2 HCl (aq) → ZnCl₂ (aq) H₂ (g), Zinc (Zn) is oxidized to form Zinc chloride (ZnCl2). The reduction occurs in the other half of the reaction, where hydrogen cation (H+) from HCl is reduced to hydrogen (H2) gas. The reduction occurs because hydrogen is gaining electrons, which is the opposite of oxidation.The redox reaction in question can be broken down into two half-reactions:Zn (s) → Zn2+ (aq) + 2 e- (reduction half-reaction)2 H+ (aq) + 2 e- → H2 (g) (oxidation half-reaction)Hence, the element that is reduced in the given reaction is hydrogen (H).
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F or pass? I’m okay with pass
Answer:
pass
Explanation:
pass
For which of the following equations would the value of Kp = Kc(RT)? Note Kc is sometimes called K.
A. A (g) + 2B (s) = C(s) + 2 D (g)
B. 2 NO₂ (g) = N₂O. (g)
C. 2 NBr. (g) = N₂ (g) + 3 Br₂ (g)
D. 2 HI (g) H₂(g) + 12 (g)
The equation for which the value of
Kp = Kc(RT) is valid is B.
2 NO₂(g) ⇌ N₂O₄(g).
The equilibrium constant (Kc) for the forward reaction is the ratio of the product of the concentration of the products to the product of the concentrations of the reactants, with each concentration raised to the power corresponding to the number of moles of that substance in the balanced chemical equation.
The expression for Kc is as follows:
Kc = [C]c [D]d/[A]a [B]b
Where [ ] represents the concentration of each substance in moles per liter and a, b, c, and d are the coefficients in the balanced chemical equation, as shown above.
Thermodynamic equilibrium constant is denoted by Kp. If we use the ideal gas law, we can link Kp and Kc as follows:
Kp = Kc(RT)ⁿ
where R is the ideal gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and n is the number of moles of gaseous product minus the number of moles of gaseous reactant.
For the equation,
2 NO₂(g) ⇌ N₂O₄(g)
we can see that the products and reactants are in gas phase.
Hence, the value of
Kp = Kc(RT)
is valid for this equation.
Answer: B. 2 NO₂(g) ⇌ N₂O₄(g)
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write out the mechanism on a separate sheet of paper, and then draw the structures of amide anion 1 and carbinolamine 6.
The conversion of a carboxylic acid to an amide is accomplished by the interaction of the acid with a reagent capable of converting the carboxylate ion into the amide anion1.
Here's the mechanism for this conversion:The mechanism of this reaction is shown below:The first step is the addition of the nucleophile, which is the nitrogen in the amine, to the carbonyl carbon of the carboxylic acid. This addition causes the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate that is then protonated to form an imidic acid. The intermediate loses water to form an amide anion. When a molecule of water is removed, an amide is generated from the reaction between the carboxylic acid and the amine. Here are the structures of amide anion 1 and carbinolamine 6:Structures of amide anion 1 and carbinolamine 6 are given as follows:Image transcriptions:Image 1:Structure of amide anion 1:Image 2:Structure of carbinolamine 6:
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which is the correct name for the compound n2o4? a. nitrogen oxide b. tetranitrogen dioxide c. dinitrogen quadoxide d. dinitrogen tetroxide
The correct name for the compound N₂O₄ is dinitrogen tetroxide. The formula N₂O₄ represents the molecule dinitrogen tetroxide.
Hence, option D (dinitrogen tetroxide) is the correct answer.
The formula for nitrogen monoxide is NO, nitrogen dioxide is NO₂, and nitrogen trioxide is N₂O₃. The term "tetranitrogen dioxide" (Option B) is incorrect as it contains the prefix "tetra-," which refers to four. There are only two nitrogen atoms present in the molecule.
The term "dinitrogen quadoxide" (Option C) is also incorrect because it does not exist. The term quadoxide does not apply to any known compound.
Hence, the correct name of the compound N₂O₄ is dinitrogen tetroxide (Option D).
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Select all that identify a covalent bond.
metal - metal
metal - nonmetal
nonmetal - nonmetal
metal - polyatomic
polyatomic - polyatomic
polyatomic - nonmetal
Heres the best help i can give you There is a couple different ways to determine if a bond is ionic or covalent. By definition, an ionic bond is between a metal and a nonmetal, and a covalent bond is between 2 nonmetals. So you usually just look at the periodic table and determine whether your compound is made of a metal/nonmetal or is just 2 nonmetals
Define Neutralisation reaction along with examples.
Answer:
Please find the definition and example of neutralization reaction below
Explanation:
In chemistry, neutralization reaction is a type of reaction involving a base and an acid to form salt and water. In other words, when an acid and a base comes together chemically to form a salt and water, a neutralization reaction is said to occur.
For example; in a reaction between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen chloride (HCl) as follows:
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(s) + H2O(l)
In this neutralization reaction, the HCk is the acid while the NaOH is the base (reactants). For the products, the NaCl is the salt while H2O is water.
Calculate the molar mass of a solute in a 1.30 L solution with of 0.50 M
containing 10.5 g of the solute.
Answer: 16 g/mol
Explanation: Molarity is Moles/Liters or Mol/L
(0.50 mol/L)(1.30L) = 0.65mol
(cancels out L)
Molar mass is g/mol so...
10.5g/0.65mol = 16.1 g/mol
Rounded to 2 sig figs is 16 g/mol
was
4. When a 1.25-gram sample of limestone, that contains CaCO3 (molar mass = 100 g/mol) and inert impurities
dissolved in acid, 0.22 grams of CO2 was generated (molar mass = 44 g/mol). What was the percent of CaCO3 by
mass in the limestone?
CaCO3 + CO2 + CaO
(a) 20%
(6) 40%
(c) 67%
(d) 80%
(e) 100%
Given the balanced reaction: 2KOH + H2SO4 → 2H20 + K2SO4
What mass of KOH is required to react completely with 2.70 grams of
H2SO4 to produce K2SO4 and water?
Molar mass of H2SO4 is 98 grams.
Molar mass of KOH is 56 grams.
O 2.36 g
O 3.09 g
4.73 g
O 1.54 g
I will give brainliest
Answer: 3.09 g
Explanation:
To calculate the moles :
[tex]\text{Moles of solute}=\frac{\text{given mass}}{\text{Molar Mass}}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Moles of} H_2SO_4=\frac{2.70g}{98g/mol}=0.0275moles[/tex]
The balanced chemical equation is
[tex]2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow 6H_2O+K_2SO_4[/tex]
According to stoichiometry :
1 mole of [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex] require 2 moles of [tex]KOH[/tex]
Thus 0.0275 moles of [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex] will require=[tex]\frac{2}{1}\times 0.0275=0.0551moles[/tex] of [tex]KOH[/tex]
Mass of [tex]KOH=moles\times {\text {Molar mass}}=0.0551moles\times 56g/mol=3.09g[/tex]
Thus 3.09 g of KOH is required to react completely with 2.70 grams of
[tex]H_2SO_4[/tex]
A 1.00 L volume of gas at 35.0 °C exerts a pressure of 85.5 kPa. What will the pressure
be at 127 °C? Assume constant volume.
Answer:
111.03kPa = P₂
Explanation:
Gay Lussac's Law states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature when volume remains constant.
The equation is:
P₁T₂ = P₂T₁
Where P is pressure and T absolute temperature of 1, initial state and 2, final state of the gas.
P₁ = 85.5kPa
T₂ = 127°C + 273.15 = 400.15K
P₂ = ?
T₁ = 35°C + 273.15 = 308.15K
P₁T₂ = P₂T₁
85.5kPa*400.15K = P₂*308.15K
111.03kPa = P₂Which element is in the lanthanide family?
Answer:
The 15 elements, together with their chemical symbols, are lanthanum (La)
Answer:
PM Promethium
Explanation:
In a science experiment, Javi concludes that a chemical reaction has occurred. What evidence would support this conclusion?
A
a substance melted
B
a substance's color and odor changed
C
a substance's mass and texture changed
D
new atoms were created
Answer:
B) a substance's color and odor changed Explanation: A signal that a chemical change has occurred is when its odor (its smell) or its appearance has changed.