Lemon and Orange contains Limonene. What difference they have from the angle of
stereo chemistry? Describe by drawing their structures?​​

Answer:

0.164 M

Explanation:

Molarity is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution.  In order to arrive at the desired units, dimensional analysis must be performed.

To find moles of sodium:

[tex]890\ mg\ Na(\frac{1\ g}{1000\ mg})(\frac{1\ mol\ Na}{22.99\ g\ Na})=0.0387\ mol\ Na[/tex]

To find liters of solution:

[tex]1\ cup(\frac{1\ qt}{4\ cups})(\frac{0.946\ L}{1\ qt})=0.2365\ L[/tex]

The ratio of sodium to solution can then be written as [tex]\frac{0.0387\ mol}{0.2365\ L}[/tex].  This can be simplified by dividing the numbers, [tex]0.164\frac{mol}{L}[/tex] or 0.164 M.

Answer:

3.29 g

Explanation:

Ar has molar mass of 39.95 g/mol

so 0.0823 mole has mass of 0.0823 x 39.95 = 3.29 g

Answer:

hope this answer will help you.

Explanation:

As we know that

no. of moles=mass)/molecular mass

we can easily fing mass of Ar by multiplying no. of moles with molecular mass of Ar which is 39.948

0.0823×39.948=3.28g

so the mass of Ar in 0.0823moles is 3.287g

Group 7 of the periodic table, usually referred to as the halogen group, exhibits a number of tendencies. Among these trends are:

Increasing atomic radius: The atomic radius of the elements rises as you descend the group. This is so because every element increases the size of the atom by adding a new electron shell.

Increasing electron affinity: As you proceed down the group, the electron affinities of the elements in group 7 likewise rise. The energy released when an atom picks up an electron to create a negative ion is known as electron affinity. The group 7 elements have a high electron affinity due to their high reactivity and propensity to gain electrons quickly.

Melting and boiling points dropping: As you travel down the group, the melting and boiling points of the elements in group 7 tend to do the same. Because of their greater size and the weaker forces that bind them, atoms are kept together less tightly.

Increasing reactivity: Fluorine is the most reactive element in the periodic table, and group 7 elements are all quite reactive. The responsiveness of the elements often reduces as you progress along the group. All of the elements in group 7 are still quite reactive, and they frequently combine with other elements to produce compounds.

Increasing atomic radius, increasing electron affinity, lowering melting and boiling temperatures, and raising reactivity are the main trends in group 7 of the periodic table. These patterns are brought on by the distinct characteristics of the elements in this group, which are governed by the quantity and configuration of electrons in their outer shells.

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The statistical rule of thumb to determine an adequate sample size include the following: E. A statistical power level of 80 percent.

In Mathematics and Statistics, sampling can be defined as a process that is typically used for the collection or selection of data (physical objects, observations, or individuals) from a larger statistical population, especially by using specific procedures and processes.

In Mathematics and Statistics, a sample proportion can be defined as the proportion of individuals in a sample that have a specified characteristic or trait.

Mathematically, the sample proportion of a sample can be calculated by using this formula:

[tex]\hat{p} = \frac{x}{n}[/tex]

Where:

In Mathematics and Statistics, a statistical power level of 80 percent (80%) is a statistical rule of thumb that is generally used in determining an adequate sample size.

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True. The product that results from the reacting bromine is the dominating one when NBS and light are used to study allylic halogenation processes of alkenes.

A carboxyl group is referred to as allylic and vinylic carbon if it is indirectly or directly attached with a double bonds in a structure. Vinylic charcoal comprises one of the atomic nuclei that create (or share) double bond, which is the primary differential among allylic versus vinylic carbon.

A chemical process known as an allylic reorganization or allylic shift occurs if the double binding in an allyl pharmaceutical molecule moves to the following carbon atom. In nucleophilic attack, it occurs.

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Scientific theories explain why a phenomenon occurs and a scientific law explains what occurs. The correct option is A.

A scientific theory is an explanation for a phenomenon in the natural world or the universe that has undergone extensive testing and verification using approved procedures for observation, measurement, and result evaluation.

A scientific law often describes an observed phenomenon. It doesn't explain the phenomenon's existence or its origins.

A scientific theory is the explanation for a phenomenon. It is a myth that with enough study, theories can become laws.

Thus, the correct option is A.

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Delta H  for the reaction: C2H4 (g) + H2 (g) --> C2H6 (g) is -137kJ

What does Hess's law indicate about a reaction's enthalpy?

According to Hess's law, all intermediate reactions that can be separated into the main reaction have standard enthalpies that add up to the same value when the main reaction is carried out at the same temperature.

If the initial and ending circumstances are the same, the enthalpy change for a reaction is independent of the number of ways a product might be produced. An exothermic process is indicated by a reaction's negative enthalpy change, whereas an endothermic process is shown by a reaction's positive enthalpy change.

C2H4 (g) + 3 O2 (g) --> 2 CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (l)  Delta H = -1411. kJ

2 CO2 (g) + 3 H2O (l) --> C2H6 (g) + 3½ O2 (g)  Delta H = +1560. kJ

H2 (g) + ½O2 (g) --> H2O (l)  Delta H = -285.8 kJ

C2H4 (g) + H2 (g) --> C2H6 (g)  Delta H = -137. kJ

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Answer:

IT IS A CHEMICAL CHANGE

Explanation:

The Old Nassau reaction or Halloween reaction is a chemical clock reaction in which a clear solution turns orange and then black

Answer:

It's a chemical change.

Answer:

True

Explanation:

The first reaction in the Citric Acid cycle is the reaction between acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to form citrate. This reaction is irreversible, which means that once acetyl-CoA enters the cycle, it must complete the cycle. This step is irreversible because it is highly exergonic.

statement correctly describes the electronic charge distribution in a molecule-Option 2 The electronic charge is distributed equally around each atom in the molecule.

When charged matter is positioned in an electromagnetic field, it encounters a force due to its physical property of electrical charges. A positive or negative electric charge can exist (commonly carried by protons and electrons respectively). Like charges repel each other and, while unlike goods become more expensive one another. Coulomb, unit of electrical charges in the m long system, which serves as the foundation for the SI physical unit. C is the abbreviation. The coulomb is defined as the amount of electricity transferred in one second by a one-ampere current. Charge (exhibited by protons) and negative charge are indeed the two types of charge (exhibited by electrons.

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Gluconeogenesis and glycolysis are mutually regulated. *AMP: Glycolysis is encouraged because cells need ATP. Citrate and acetyl-CoA reporting on the citric acid cycle. Because the cell is creating energy and intermediates for biosynthetic processes when [C] is high, gluconeogenesis is encouraged.

Any atoms joined by chemical bonds are referred to be molecules in general. A molecule consisting of atoms from several elements is referred to as a compound. Molecules make up all chemicals.

The vast array of molecules that make up the human body are all combinations of just a few dozen basic constituents: the periodic table's chemical elements. But each atom's abundance is very different from the others.

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The abbreviated electron configuration for Al2+ is [Ne]3s2 3p1

since Al has 13 electrons :  [Ne]3s2 3p1

Al2+ means it has lost 2 electrons to become :  [Ne]3s1

Electronic configurations in chemistry can be describe as the way each electron move independently in an orbital, in an average field created by all other orbitals. which also means  the arrangement of electrons in orbitals around an atomic nucleus.

An electron in simple term is a negatively charged subatomic particle that binds together with protons and neutrons  to form an atom's nucleus. it can also be seen as a tiny particle of matter that is smaller than an atom and has a negative electrical charge in it.

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Answer:

Calcium and magnesium do not combine or react with each other to form a compound. They are both alkaline earth metals, but they do not react with each other under normal conditions. It is possible to create a compound by combining them with other elements, but the specific compound would depend on the elements used. For example, calcium and magnesium can be combined with chlorine to form calcium chloride and magnesium chloride.

The options which are not true of standard cell potentials are the anode are option B, C, and D.

The standard cell potential refers to the potential difference between the cathode and anode and measures the potential of equilibrium. The standard potentials are all measured at 298 K, 1 atm, and with 1 M solutions. In a galvanic cell, current is generated when electrons flow externally through the circuit from the anode to the cathode due to a difference in potential energy between the two electrodes in the electrochemical cell. A galvanic cell generates electric current spontaneously if its cell potential is positive. Standard cell potential is determined calculated as the standard reduction potential of the cathode minus the standard reduction potential of the anode. The cathode is always the species with the greater standard reduction potential, while the anode is the species with the lower standard reduction potential. The reduction potentials are not scaled by the stoichiometric coefficients when calculating the standard cell potential.

Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: Identify the options below that are not true of standard cell potentials Select all that apply: A) A galvanic cell generates electric current spontaneously only if the cell potential is positive. B) The anode is the species with the greater standard reduction potential. C) Standard cell potential is dependent on the stoichiometry of the overall reaction. D) A galvanic cell generates electric current spontaneously only if the cell potential is negative.

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A stronger bond is always created when the bond's enthalpy is higher since a stronger bond requires more energy to break.

Bonds are financial instruments in which a buyer loans money for a certain duration to a business or the government in return for periodical interest payments.

Between atoms or ions, a condensation reaction is a source of attraction. Atoms share or transmit their valence electrons, which results in bonds. The electrons that can be engaged in chemical reactions are known as valence electrons, which are located at the outermost energy level of the atom.

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The balanced form of the chemical equations given in the image are as follows:

A balanced chemical equation is an equation that obeys the law of conservation of mass i.e. the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation are the same.

A chemical equation is balanced with the aid of coefficients, which are numbers placed in front of each compound or element as a multiplying factor.

According to this question, some chemical equations were given in the image attached. The balanced form of these equations are in the main answer part.

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A change in volume won't change the equilibrium position if the total moles of gas inside the reactants and products are the same.No change in the equilibrium position will result from the addition of an inert gas.When the volume is reduced, the process changes to create fewer moles or gas.

The equilibrium of a chemical reaction shifts in the opposite way to counteract a shift in pressure, temperature, or even the concentration or products or reactants when the reaction is at equilibrium.

As a result, response choice is the claim that a reversible reaction is true at dynamic equilibrium (E).The forward reaction rate is the same as the backward reaction rate.

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A gas is collected over water at a certain temperature, then the partial pressure of gas is calculated to be = 741 torr

The term "water vapor pressure" refers to the amount of water vapor present in any gas combination that is in equilibrium with either solid or liquid water. When the vapor pressure equals the atmospheric pressure, water begins to boil.

Given total pressure is 760 torr

Vapor pressure of water = 17 torr

As we know that, partial pressure of gas = total pressure - vapor pressure of water

= 760 - 17

Partial pressure of gas = 741 torr.

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Dalton’s atomic theory is the oldest theory about the atom. In 1808, John Dalton published his theory, which was composed of several postulates that were built based on his experiments and laws of chemical combination. A number of scientists later contributed to the development of modern atomic theory, which is different from Dalton’s atomic theory and has more advanced facts about the atom and its behavior. The key difference between Dalton’s Atomic Theory and Modern Atomic Theory is that the structure and properties of atom according to Dalton’s theory are different from the structure and properties proposed by the modern atomic theory.

Dalton’s atomic theory is a theory about indivisible particles called atoms which are the smallest particles of all matter. Modern atomic theory is the theory that explains the fully detailed structure of an atom.

According to Dalton’s atomic theory, atoms are indivisible particles. Modern atomic theory says that atoms are composed of subatomic particles; protons, electrons, and neutrons.

Dalton’s theory does not explain details about isotopes. It states that all atoms of the same element are identical. Modern atomic theory explains details about isotopes having a different number of neutrons and the same number of protons.

Dalton couldn’t give details about electrons. Modern atomic theory explains the location, reactions, and behavior of electrons.

Dalton’s atomic theory explains that atoms are the smallest particle that can be engaged in reactions. Modern atomic theory states that subatomic particles can participate in reactions.

In the given electronic configuration, the 4 s subshell has 3 electrons which is not possible as the s subshell  can accomodate  a maximum of only two electrons.

Electronic configuration is defined as the distribution of electrons which are present in an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.It describes how each electron moves independently in an orbital.

Knowledge of electronic configuration is necessary for understanding the structure of periodic table.It helps in understanding the chemical properties of elements.

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Explanation:

An oxygen tank can never be half empty. Since the amount of space between the gas particles matches the volume of its container, they would take up all the space in the tank. In this case, the gas particles would spread throughout the tank.

Sodium and chlorine have the same shielding effect because they have the same number of innermost electrons that shield their valence electrons.

The shielding effect of an element is the electron shielding effect that valence electrons experience from the attraction of the positively-charged nucleus as a result of the inner electrons in the element.

The completely filled electron shells in the interior of an atom of an element shield or protect the electron found in the valence shell or outermost shell.

Considering why sodium and chlorine have the same shielding effect:

The electronic configuration of sodium and chlorine are 2, 8, 1 and 2,8, 7 respectively.

They both have 10 innermost electrons that shield their valence electrons.

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Aloud is trying to find evidence that a galaxy has supermassive black hole at its center. He should look for the black matter in the center of the Earth. Thus, the correct option is D.

Black matter or dark matter is composed of the particles which do not absorb, reflect, or emit light rays, so they cannot be detected by observing electromagnetic radiations. Dark matter is the material which cannot be seen directly through the eyes.

Dark matter play an important role in the formation of galaxies. Many researchers use the astronomical surveys to build maps of the location where dark matter in the universe is found based on how the light from the distant galaxies bends as it travels to us.

Thus, the matter which fall into a black hole arranges itself in the shape of a disk which is thick at the outer edge, while it is thin along the inner ring of the disk.

Therefore, the correct option is D.

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The food coloring would spread across all the papers at the end of the 30 minutes.

We know that diffusion does occur in all the states of matter whether solid, liquid or gas. We know the speed of the diffusion would depend on the particular kind of matter that is in question as we can see.

From the question, we have a food coloring which is liquid. The food coloring would eventually diffuse across the boundaries and get to all the papers that have been laid out as shown.

Hence, the food coloring can be said to spread by the principle of diffusion.

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The molecule or ion that is being oxidized in the reaction is TeO2. Ceramics may occasionally be colored using tellurium dioxide.

TeO2 is soluble in strong acids, alkali metal hydroxides, and only very little water. Due to its amphoteric nature, it can operate as either an acid or a base depending on the solution it is in. It interacts with bases to form tellurites and acids to create tellurium salts.

Due to the presence of 6 e-pairs surrounding the center atom, 6 atoms bound to it, and 0 lone pairs, this molecule is octahedral.

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The complete question is:

A sample of ore containing the mineral tellurite, TeO2 , was dissolved in acid. The resulting solution was then

reacted with a solution of K2Cr2O7 to form telluric acid, H2TeO4 . The unbalanced chemical equation for the

reaction is given below.

. . . TeO2(s) + . . . Cr2O72−(aq) + . . . H+(aq) → . . . H2TeO4(aq) + . . . Cr3+(aq) + . . . H2O(l)

(a) Identify the molecule or ion that is being oxidized in the reaction.

Answer:

Explanation:

The most common way to solve this problem is to use the formula

c

1

V

1

=

c

2

V

2

In your problem,

c

1

= 4.2 mol/L;

V

1

= 45.0 mL

c

2

= ?;

V

2

= 250 mL

c

2

=

c

1

×

V

1

V

2

= 4.2 mol/L ×

45.0

mL

250

mL

= 0.76 mol/L

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Based on a ruler in centimeters, with ten divisions between each centimer mark, you will have marks at every 0.1 cm.

Then, the measure of the length of a metal rod should have 1 decimal place.

That decimal place means limiters, given that 1 mm = 0.1 cm.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Based on a ruler in centimeters, with ten divisions between each centimer mark, you will have marks at every 0.1 cm.

Then, the measure of the length of a metal rod should have 1 decimal place.

That decimal place means limiters, given that 1 mm = 0.1 cm.

The degree of unsaturation, C-H/2+1. and where C = no. of carbon, H = no. of hydrogen Molecular formula: C7H14O2, 7-14/2+1 = 1. Therefore structure will have one double bond or ring

IR analysis

the band at around 1700 cm-1 is due to the carbonyl group

the band at around 2850 - 2950 cm-1 is due to aliphatic CH stretching

(image) - LINK ATTACHED

1H NMR analysis

the triplet at 4.5 ppm is due to methylene proton attached to an oxygen

the singlet at 2.1 ppm is due to methyl proton attached to the carbonyl group

the quartet at around 1.55 ppm is due to methylene proton attached to another methylene group

the multiplet at 1.5 ppm is due to CH proton attached to two methyl group and one methylene group

the doublet at around 0.9 ppm is due to two methyl proton attached to CH

based on the above analysis the structure of the compound is - image

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The differences in the distribution of solar energy on Earth's surface is due to Earth’s curved shape and tilt on its axis do not allow the sun’s rays to fall evenly on its surface.

The correct option is D.

Solar energy refers to the energy produced by the Sun.

Solar energy is in the form of heat energy, light energy, and ultraviolet radiation.

The shape of the affects the amount of solar energy that reaches any region of the earth. The earth is spherical in shape. Hence, there is an uneven distribution of solar energy from the sun o the Earth. also, the tilt of the earth affects the amount of solar energy that reaches any region of the earth.

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The reaction of cis-but-2-ene and trans-but-2-ene is a classic example of stereospecificity. It is important to note that this reaction yields predominantly or exclusively one of the constitutional isomers when more than one is possible, demonstrating that this reaction is stereospefic.

Stereospecificity is the phenomenon by which molecules react in such a way that the reaction products have the same orientation of their atoms in space as the reactants. This phenomenon is exhibited in the reaction of cis-but-2-ene and trans-but-2-ene, which yield different stereoisomers. This reaction is stereospecific because it yields predominantly or exclusively one of the constitutional isomers when more than one is possible.

Stereospecificity is an important property of organic reactions. It is of particular importance in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, where it is necessary to ensure that the final product is the desired stereoisomer. Stereospecificity also helps to make organic reactions more efficient, since the reaction will yield the desired product in a single step.

In the reaction of cis-but-2-ene and trans-but-2-ene, different reactions can occur depending on the orientation of the atoms in the reactants. When the double bond is oriented in the cis-configuration, a reaction can occur in which new carbons are introduced, yielding the cis-stereoisomer. On the other hand, when the double bond is oriented in the trans-configuration, a reaction can occur in which the atoms in the double bond rearrange, yielding the trans-stereoisomer.

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