SAQ help please
passage: "The Spanish flu was one of the deadliest natural disasters in history—a potent reminder of the threat posed by disease.

Humanity seems to need such reminders often. In 1948, shortly after the first flu vaccine was created and penicillin became the first mass-produced antibiotic, U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall reportedly claimed that the conquest of infectious disease was imminent. In 1962, after the second polio vaccine was formulated, the Nobel Prize–winning virologist Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet asserted, ‘To write about infectious diseases is almost to write of something that has passed into history.’

Hindsight has not been kind to these proclamations. Despite advances in antibiotics and vaccines, and the successful eradication of smallpox, Homo-sapiens is still locked in the same epic battle with viruses and other pathogens that we’ve been fighting since the beginning of our history. When cities first arose, diseases laid them low, a process repeated over and over for millennia. When Europeans colonized the Americas, smallpox followed. When soldiers fought in the first global war, influenza hitched a ride, and found new opportunities in the unprecedented scale of the conflict.”

"The Next Plague Is Coming. Is America Ready?” by Ed Yong, the Atlantic, 2019


a) Identify ONE environmental factor, alluded to by the author, that is typically present and required for the spread of infectious disease on an epidemic or pandemic scale.

b) Identify ONE specific example of a 20th-century health epidemic that encouraged technological advancement and that is NOT explicitly referenced by the author.

c) Explain ONE specific example of why the optimism of Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet and George Marshall may have been misplaced.

Answers

Answer 1

I got a 95% on this

A) One environmental factor that is typically present and required for the spread of infectious disease on an epidemic or pandemic scale is human migration, as it helps spread diseases that may have been isolated in a particular area to many other areas. The author mentions this in the last paragraph, “When Europeans colonized the Americas, smallpox followed. When soldiers fought in the first global war, influenza hitched a ride, and found new opportunities in the unprecedented scale of the conflict.” This shows that when people moved from place to place, diseases were more easily spread. When you look at previous epidemics and pandemics, and even the pandemic currently going on, one thing is always present: the disease was originally isolated in a single area, and then was later spread through migration.  

 

B) One specific example of a 20th-century health epidemic that encouraged technological advancement was the cholera outbreak in the Romanian Army in 1913. This encouraged technological advancement, as it was within the army during the Second Balkan War, and having an outbreak in the middle of that was very dangerous. As a result, vaccines were quickly produced, systems were put in place that would prevent the spread, the infected were isolated, as well as several other procedures. That is just one of many examples of technological advancements made to stop epidemics.  

 

C) One specific example of why the optimism of Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet and George Marshall may have been misplaced is because in the end, vaccines only HELP manage the danger to a person, but there’s not a 100% chance of it eradicating it. Also, vaccines can evolve into new strains, ones that vaccines and the human immune system are not prepared for, so simply saying that infectious diseases are something of the past is ignoring that fact. Infectious diseases can come out of seemingly nowhere, so just because the current pandemic is taken care of, that does not mean that it is gone for good.


Related Questions

Which statements best describe Construction careers? Check all that apply.

They are primarily indoors.
They are removed from others.
They pay well.
They are growing slowly.
They are demanding.
They require teamwork.
They present few job opportunities.
They require physical strength.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

C

E

F

H

100 points + brainliest
Graphically organize the major events of the Cold War in chronological order. Write a paragraph of at least 150 words on how the Cold War affected smaller countries that were not directly involved in it. This is an informative paper, so the style should be formal, or, in an objective tone. This means you will deliver the information in an unbiased and neutral way. This is a factual approach to writing an essay. An informal tone would use a more personal approach, like our or I. In addition, an informal tone would use judgmental words, like, atrocious or loathe. Keep this in mind as you write your essay. Use the first answer box for your essay and the second box for your graphic organizer.

Click here to view the rubric and expectations for this project.

Answers

Answer:

World War II is the largest and bloodiest in human history, where many

conflicting alliances, namely: Axis countries and Allied forces, has reached the number

superpowers in the world, America and the Soviet Union, as this war has weakened

Europe, and France and Britain no longer control the world. So, there were

their aim was to spread freedom and eliminate colonialism (Mcmahon, 2003).

Explanation:

Answer: ik im late but for someone else looking for the answer here it is.

War is generally defined as violent conflict between states ornationsNations go to war for a variety of reasons. It has been argued that a nation will go to war if the benefits of war are deemed to outweigh the disadvantages, and if there is a sense that there is not another mutually agreeable solution. More specifically, some have argued that wars are fought primarily for economic, religious, and political reasons. Others have claimed that most wars today are fought for ideological reasons.Inthe United States, the legal power to declare war is vested in Congress; however, the president is the commander-in-chief of the military, so he or she holds power to conduct a war once it has been declared. In many instances, the president has used military force without declaring warJust War TheoryIn Western tradition, there is a sense that the reasons for war must be just. This idea dates back to ancient times, but is most clearly traced to the writings of St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas. They attempted to justify war, and reconcile it with the Christian belief that taking a human life is wrong.To Aquinas, a war must be just in both the reasons for going to war and how war is fought. Reasons for going to war—jus ad bellum—are just if (1) war is declared by an appropriate authority; (2) the war is waged for a just cause; and (3) the war is waged for just intentions. An appropriate authority is a proper, governing authority. A “just cause” may include self-defense or a response to injustice. “Just intentions” mean that it must not be fought for self-interest, but for justice or a common good. In addition, (4) there must be a reasonable chance of success; (5) the good that will be achieved must outweigh the bad; and (6) war must be a last resort.Once just reasons for going to war are satisfied, conduct in the war—jus in bello—must be just as well. Just conduct in a war means that it must be specific and proportional. That is, noncombatants and civilians must not be deliberately targeted. Further, only such force as is necessary must be used, and harms must be proportionate to the goal sought.Law of WarSome of the just war theories have been adopted as parts of international agreements and incorporated into the law of war (i.e., international law) that regulates the resort to armed force, the conduct of hostilities, and the protection of war victims.The Geneva Conventions, for example, are a series of international treaties that are designed to protect noncombatants, civilians, and prisoners of war. The treaties were negotiated in Geneva, Switzerland, between 1864 and 1977. The First and Second Geneva Conventions apply to sick and wounded soldiers and sailors. They contain provisions related to protecting the wounded and sick, as well as medical personnel and transports. The Third Geneva Convention applies to prisoners of war, and the Fourth Geneva Convention applies to people in occupied territories. The Third Convention requires humane treatment of prisoners, including adequate food and water. The Fourth Convention includes provisions that forbid torture and the taking of hostages, as well as provisions related to medical care and hospitals.

Explanation:

Have a great day and pls mark brainliest

time started:8:12 - time ended: 9:37

which causes led to the industrial revolution in england?

Answers

Answer:

The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods. The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were of British origin. ... The development of trade and the rise of business were among the major causes of the Industrial Revolution.

what are 3 different “super powers” that genetic engineering has given to plants

Answers

Explanation:

She figured out that in order to have these superpowers three main parts/functions of angiosperm plants need to be edited:

Plants need to be able to grow more roots ⬆️

Plants need to be able to grow deeper roots ⬇️

Plants need to produce more Suberin ⬆️

Explanation:

She figured out that in order to have these superpowers three main parts/functions of angiosperm plants need to be edited:

Plants need to be able to grow more roots ⬆️

Plants need to be able to grow deeper roots ⬇️

Plants need to produce more Suberin ⬆️

Explanation:

She figured out that in order to have these superpowers three main parts/functions of angiosperm plants need to be edited:

Plants need to be able to grow more roots ⬆️

Plants need to be able to grow deeper roots ⬇️

Plants need to produce more Suberin ⬆️

Who is the second highest elected official in Georgia?
A. Governor
B. A member of the General Assembly
C. A judge
D. Lt. Governor

Answers

Answer:

D. Lt. Governor

Explanation:

trust me if it's wrong tell me I'll check the book again

The second-highest elected official in Georgia is Lt. Governor. Option (d) is correct.

How many governors are in Georgia?

Officially, the State of Georgia has had 77 governors, 11 of whom held office for more than one unique term (John Houstoun, George Walton, Edward Telfair, George Mathews, Jared Irwin, David Brydie Mitchell, George Rockingham Gilmer, M.

The Lieutenant Governor oversees discussion in the Senate chamber and collaborates with supporters to present legislation as the Senate's President and the second-highest elected figure in the state.

Georgia's voters directly elect the Lieutenant Governor to serve as the Senate's President. The Lieutenant Governor, Georgia's second-highest elected official, has a say on spending priorities and state policy.

Therefore, Option (d) is correct.

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How did Shaka become ruler of the Zulu

Answers

Answer: Shaka was the illegitimate son of Senzangakhona, King of the Zulus. He was born c. 1787. When Senzangakona died, Dingiswayo helped Shaka become chief of the Zulu Kingdom. After Dingiswayo's death at the hands of Zwide, king of the Ndwandwe, around 1818, Shaka assumed leadership of the entire Mthethwa alliance.

Explanation:

He was his sonbdbhdhdbbdbd

Both East and West block's face similar economic problems in the 1970s, yet communism collapsed in the East and capitalism recovered. How do you account for the difference? Were economics problems the main basis for popular opposition to communism?

Answers

Answer:

photo plssssssssssssss

Which one of the following groups did NOT leave their party to form the Republican party?
Group of answer choices

Free-Soilers

Democrats

Whigs



NO FUGGIN LINKS

Answers

Answer:

The Free Soil Party was a short-lived coalition political party in the United States active from 1848 to 1854, when it merged into the Republican Party.

Explanation:answer

read this!!! tell me what happens next




Thoughts of his parents' divorce fill Brian Robeson's head as he flies in a single-engine plane to visit his father in the Canadian wilderness. When the pilot suffers a massive heart attack and dies, Brian must
somehow land the plane by himself and then, left with only the clothes he is wearing and a hatchet he received from his mother as a parting gift, Brian must put thoughts of his past behind him and try to figure out how he can stay alive...
''A heart-stopping story...something beyond adventure, a book that plunges readers into the cleft of the protagonist's experience." —Publishers Weekly
A Newbery Honor Book
An ALA Notable Book
Booklist Editor's Choice
1.
BRIAN ROBESON stared out the window of the small plane at the endless green northern wilderness below. It
was a small plane, a Cessna 406—a bush-plane—and the engine was so loud, so roaring and
consuming and loud, that it ruined any chance for conversation.
Not that he had much to say. He was thirteen and the only passenger on the plane with a pilot
named—what was it? Jim or Jake or something— who was in his mid-forties and who had been silent
as he worked to prepare for take-off. In feet since Brian had come to the small airport in Hampton, New York to meet the plane—driven by his mother—the pilot had spoken only five words to him.
"Get in the copilot's seat." Which Brian had done. They had taken off and that was the last of the
conversation. There had been the initial excitement, of course. He had never flown in a single-engine
plane before and to be sitting in the copilot's seat with all the controls right there in front of him, all
the pilot took off, had been interesting and exciting. But in five minutes they had leveled off at six thousand feet and headed northwest and from then on the pilot had been silent, staring out the front,
and the drone of the engine had been all that was left. The drone and the sea of green trees that lay
before the plane's nose and flowed to the horizon, spread with lakes, swamps, and wandering
streams and rivers.
Now Brian sat, looking out the window with the roar thundering through his ears, and tried to
catalog what had led up to his taking this flight. The thinking started. Always it started with a single word. Divorce.

Answers

Answer:

isnt this the book hatchet

he lands the plane in a lake and lives ther for about a month until they rescue him

he only stayed alive cuz of a hatchet his mom gave him and he made fun of

The Black Panthers focused their efforts and gained the most support from

Answers

Answer:

OTHERS THAT SUPPORTED

Explanation:

How did the ideas expressed in the passage influence the Cold War?
A. They established a clear border between Europe's communist and
noncommunist regions.
O B. They encouraged the United States and Soviet Union to increase
aid to their allies.
O C. They were used to justify aggressive actions such as the Berlin
blockade.
O D. They encouraged small countries to remain nonaligned in Cold War
conflicts.

Answers

Answer:

Option: A. They established a clear border between Europe's communist and non-communist regions.

Explanation:

The Cold War began after the Second World War when tension between Eastern and Western Europe rises. The anxiety began because of different political ideas as Eastern Europe followed communism and the Western as Democracy. The Soviet Union used military and political power in capturing European countries in the East.

This was an area of dry land that exposed dry land between Asia and Alaska: *
a. Beringia
b. Bergamot
c. Beluga
d. Barrier

Answers

A. beringia that is the answer for your question thank you the other ones are wrong

What kind of feeling or thoughts do you think Americans who experience Pearl Harbor felt? What do you think they wanted to do afterward?

Answers

Answer:

They felt scared, worried, shocked, and surprised at what had happened to them.

Explanation:

The things that were happening during the attack is what made the Americans feel scared, worried, shocked, and surprised.

List the Declaration of the Rights of Man

Answers

Answer:

equality, liberty, security, and property.

Explanation:

freedom of religion

freedom of speech

freedom of assembly and separation of powers.

Hope this helped!!!

Si los precios de los medicamentos aumentan en cinco veces promedio cada 8 años, encuentre la probabilidad de que: Haya cinco o mas aumentos de precio

Answers

Answer:Un aumento súbito en el costo de los medicamentos genéricos podría afectar tu bolsillo. ... en los últimos años, los aumentos en los costos de los medicamentos han ... Pero hay algo que sí está claro: si necesitas medicamentos recetados, ... en casi un 13% en el 2013, más de ocho veces la tasa de inflación general.

Explanation:

How did conflicts help shape our nation?

Answers

Answer:

When we had conflicts, we found resolutions that were compatible for everyone and turned our country into the great democracy it is today.

Explanation:

Dred Scott had been enslaved for many years in Missouri. Later, he moved with his owner, who was an army surgeon, to Illinois and then to the Wisconsin Territory, where slavery was not allowed. After they returned to Missouri, Scott's owner died. The owner's wife took ownership of Scott, and eventually those rights transferred to her brother, John Sanford. Antislavery lawyers helped Scott to file a lawsuit, a legal case brought to settle a dispute between people or groups. Scott's lawyers argued that, because Scott had lived in a free territory, he had become a free man.

According to Dred Scott's lawsuit, how had his rights been violated?

A. He had been forced to move against his will to different places.
B. He was not not allowed to talk to a lawyer to prepare for his case.
C. He was kept as a slave although he had lived in free territory.
D. His ownership had been transferred without his agreement.

Answers

Answer:

C is the answer, because I also did this and got it right.

Explanation:

Hope this helps!

Answer:

C, I learned this in school awhile ago.

Explanation:

i posted the article before this :)

Answers

Answer:

Hello, can you send the full thing so i can answer the question :> good luck with ur hw

Explanation:

Answer:

A and i think i think D

Explanation:

good luck

Who gives opinions on state laws?

attorney general
president
Supreme Court
governor

Answers

Answer:

A. attorney general

Explanation:

60! Points please hurry Which documents influenced the colonists' views of government? *
Common Sense, Articles of Confederation, Declaration of the Rights of Man
Virginia Declaration of Rights, Common Sense, Bill of Rights
Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact, Common Sense
Magna Carta, Iroquois Constitution, Common Sense

Answers

Answer:

It would be option C

Explanation:

Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact, Common Sense

Answer:

Common Sence

Explanation:

This was a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine to pursuade many Americains to revolt agints  Brittish controll  in the colonies and that the only path to freedom was war        

who is karl marx
please don't plagiarize​

Answers

Answer:

He was a german philosopher who lived in the 19th century.

Explanation:

Answer:

karl Heinrich marx was a german philosopher who lived in the 19th century. He was also economist, historian, sociologist, political theorist, journalist and socialist revolutionary. Born in Trier, Germany, Marx studied law and philosophy at university.

 

Explanation:

brainliest please?

What is eastern South America made up of?

Answers

Answer:

. South America is a continent of extremes. It is home to the world's largest river (the Amazon) as well as the world's driest place (the Atacama Desert). South America is dominated by the Andes mountains

Explanation:

Expansion, peak, recession, and trough are all periods of the __________. A. business cycle B. consumer price index C. gross domestic product  D. annual percentage change​

Answers

Answer:

A.

Explanation:

business cycle

john stevens role in the annexation of hawaii

Answers

Answer:

What he did is down below in Explanation

Explanation:

He was the United States Minister to the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1893 when he was accused of conspiring to overthrow Queen Liliuokalani in association with the Committee of Safety, led by Lorrin A. In January 1893, a revolutionary “Committee of Safety,” organized by Sanford B. Dole, staged a coup against Queen Liliuokalani with the tacit support of the United States. On February 1, Minister John Stevens recognized Dole’s new government on his own authority and proclaimed Hawaii a U.S. protectorate. Dole submitted a treaty of annexation to the U.S. Senate, but most Democrats opposed it, especially after it was revealed that most Hawaiians did not want annexation. President Grover Cleveland sent a new U.S. minister to Hawaii to restore Queen Liliuokalani to the throne under the 1887 constitution, but Dole refused to step aside and instead proclaimed the independent Republic of Hawaii. Cleveland was unwilling to overthrow the government by force, and his successor, President William McKinley, negotiated a treaty with the Republic of Hawaii in 1897. In 1898, the Spanish-American War broke out, and the strategic use of the naval base at Pearl Harbor during the war convinced Congress to approve formal annexation. Two years later, Hawaii was organized into a formal U.S. territory and in 1959 entered the United States as the 50th state.

In Vasco de Gama: What trade company was created in 1600?

Answers

Answer:

The East India Company (I don't know what you mean by Vasco de Gama, but the East India Company was made in 1600)

write short note on mali empire​

Answers

The Empire of Mali was one of the largest empires in West African History, and at its height, it spanned from the Atlantic Coast to central parts of the Sahara desert [i]. The Empire was founded in 1235 CE by the legendary King Sundiata [ii] and lasted until the early 1600s CE [iii].

Choose all of the answers that are correctly related to the Iran Hostage Crisis. A) It began in 1979. B) It ended when Ronald Reagan became President. A U.S. attempt to rescue the hostages failed. D) The hostages were students and teachers of an American school in Iran. E) The Shah of Iran was responsible for ordering the taking of the U.S. hostages.​

Answers

Answer:

A,B,C

Explanation:

When it comes to the Iran Hostage Crisis, the right answers are that it started in 1979, concluded when Ronald Reagan became president, and a U.S. attempt to free the hostages was unsuccessful. Options A, B, and C are correct.

What is the significance of Iran Hostage Crisis?

The crisis in Iran helped theocrats who were opposed to any normalization of ties with the West gain political clout and enhance the reputation of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.

American economic sanctions against Iran as a result of the crisis furthered the deterioration of relations between the two nations.  The crisis occurred in the tumultuous period after Iran's Islamic revolution (1978–79).

In the course of the Iran Prisoner Crisis (1979–1981), terrorists in Iran kidnapped 66 Americans in the American embassy in Tehrn and held 52 of them hostage for more than a year.

Before his term as president ended, President Carter made additional efforts to obtain the hostages' release. Carter's presidency came to an end on January 20, 1981, only minutes after the liberation of the 52 American hostages imprisoned in Iran.

Therefore, options A, B and C are correct.

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CAn you help bri ales gif you do

Answers

Answer: a

Explanation: I just took the test

King Tut put an end to the worship of only
one god, or ___and reinstated
polytheism in Egypt.
A. slavery
B. religion
C. pharaoh
D. monotheism

Answers

The answer is D. Give brainliest

Why did industries in Florida grow during this time period?

1. people began working harder
2 .the weather was sunny and warm
3. the railroads expanded
4. people began earning more money

Answers

Two is the answer I think so if it is wrong
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