Suppose you were to read about a scientific statement based on data from hundreds of years of research and observation that applies to a broad set of naturally occurring events. Would you consider it a hypothesis or a theory? a) hypothesis b) theory c) both d) neither

Complete Question

A nearly flat bicycle tire becomes noticeably warmer after it has been pumped up. Approximate this process as a reversible adiabatic compression. Take the initial pressure and temperature of the air before it is put in the tire to be Pi = 1.00 bar and Ti = 298 K. The final volume of the air in the tire is Vf= 1.50 L and the final pressure is Pf = 5.00 bar. Calculate the final temperature of the air in the tire.

Assume that Cv,m = 5R/2

Answer:

The value is [tex]T_f = 471.978 \ K[/tex]

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

The initial pressure is [tex]P_i = 1.00 \ bar[/tex]

The initial temperature is [tex]T_i = 298 K[/tex]

The final volume is [tex]V_f = 1.50 \ L[/tex]

The final pressure is [tex]P_f = 5.0 \ bar[/tex]

Generally the equation for reversible adiabatic compression is

[tex]P_i V_i^{\gamma} = P_f V_f^{\gamma} [/tex]

Generally from the ideal gas equation we have that

[tex]PV = n RT[/tex]

=> [tex] V = \frac{n RT}{P}[/tex]

So

[tex]P_i *[ \frac{n RT_i}{P_i}]^{\gamma} = P_f [ \frac{n RT_f}{P_f}]^{\gamma}[/tex]

=> [tex]P_i ^{1 - \gamma} * T_i ^{\gamma} = P_f ^{1-\gamma} * T_f^{\gamma}[/tex]

=> [tex]T_f ^{\gamma} = \frac{ P^{1 - \gamma * T_i^{\gamma}}}{ P_f ^{1 - \gamma}}[/tex]

=> [tex]T_f =[ \frac{ P_i ^{1 - \gamma} * T_i^{\gamma}}{P_f^{1 - \gamma}}]^{\frac{1}{\gamma} }[/tex]

=> [tex]T_f = T_i * [\frac{P_i}{P_f} ]^{\frac{1- \gamma}{\gamma}[/tex]

Here [tex]\gamma[/tex] is a constant mathematically represented as

[tex]\gamma = \frac{C_{P,m}}{C_{V, m}}[/tex]

Here

[tex]C_{P,m}} [/tex] is the molar heat capacity at constant pressure

and [tex]C_{V,m}} [/tex] is the molar heat capacity at constant volume given as

[tex]C_{V,m}} = \frac{5R}{2} [/tex]

Generally [tex]C_{P,m}} [/tex] for an ideal gas is mathematically represented as

[tex]C_{P,m}} = R +C_{V,m}} [/tex]

So

[tex]\gamma = \frac{\frac{5R}{2} + R}{ \frac{5R}{2} }[/tex]

=>   [tex]\gamma  =  \frac{7}{5} [/tex]

So

=> [tex]T_f  =  T_i *  [\frac{P_i}{P_f} ]^{\frac{1- \frac{7}{5}}{ \frac{7}{5}}[/tex]

=> [tex]T_f  = 298  *  [\frac{1}{5} ]^{\frac{1- \frac{7}{5}}{ \frac{7}{5}}[/tex]

=> [tex]T_f  = 471.978 \  K[/tex]

The Final temperature of the air in the tire = 471.978k

Given data :

Initial pressure ( [tex]P_{i}[/tex] ) = 1.00 bar

Initial temperature ( [tex]T_{i}[/tex] ) = 298 K

Final volume of air ( [tex]V_{f}[/tex] ) = 1.50 L

Final pressure ( [tex]P_{f}[/tex] ) = 5.00 bar

Assume Cvm = 5r / 2  ( missing data )

Determine the final temperature of the air in the tire

Applying the equation for a reversible Adiabatic compression and general ideal gas equation

[tex]Pi * [ \frac{nRTi}{Pi} ] \alpha = Pf * [ \frac{nRTf}{Pf}] \alpha[/tex]  ---- ( 1  )

Resolving equation ( 1 )

[tex]final temperature = Ti * [ \frac{Pi}{Pf}]^{\frac{1-\alpha }{\alpha } }[/tex]   ------- ( 2 )

where [tex]\alpha[/tex] ( mathematical constant ) = ( Cpm / Cvm ) --- ( 3 )

Cpm = molar heat capacity at constant pressure = R +  Cvm

Cvm = molar heat capacity at constant volume = 5r / 2

∴ Equation ( 3 ) becomes

    [tex]\alpha[/tex]  = [tex]\frac{7}{5}[/tex]

Final step : Determine the final temperature of the air in the tire

Input values back into equation ( 2 )

[tex]final temperature = 298 + [\frac{1}{5}] ^{\frac{1-\frac{7}{5} }{\frac{7}{5} } }[/tex]

     = 471.978 K

Hence we can conclude that the final temperature of the air in the tire is 471.978 K

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Answer:

An ion is a charged atom or molecule. It is charged because the number of electrons do not equal the number of protons in the atom or molecule. ... When an atom is attracted to another atom because it has an unequal number of electrons and protons, the atom is called an ION.

Explanation:

3 tanks of gas->32*3->96 gallons in total.

96*3.29->315.84

3 sig. figs. -> $315

Answer:

1050 mL

Explanation:

Step 1: Given data

Dosage of the liquid medication: 2.5 tablespoons (tbsp)

Times that the patient takes the medication: 4 times a day for a week

Step 2: Calculate the number of times the patient takes the medication

We will use the relationship 1 week = 7 days.

[tex]1 week \times \frac{7days}{1week} \times \frac{4dose}{1day} = 28 dose[/tex]

Step 3: Calculate the number of tablespoons

We will use the relationship 2.5 tbsp/1 dose.

[tex]28dose \times \frac{2.5tbsp}{1dose} = 70tbsp[/tex]

Step 3. Convert 70 tbsp to mL

We will use the relationship 1 tbsp = 15 mL.

[tex]70tbsp \times \frac{15mL}{1tbsp} = 1050 mL[/tex]

Answer:

Explanation:

A spontaneous chemical process is one in which product formation is favoured under the specified conditions. A spontaneous process yields the product without an external input of energy.

A spontaneous reaction will always occur when ∆H is negative and ∆S is positive. These are the signs of enthalpy and and entropy change that gives rise to a spontaneous chemical process at all temperatures. Recall that a spontaneous process is one in which ∆G<0.

Answer:

A. True

Explanation:

This process usually cannot be reversed and will lead to the protein being permanently damaged.

Given :

A 250 ml beaker weighs 13.473 g .

The same beaker plus 2.2 ml of water weighs 15.346 g.

To Find :

How much does the 2.2 ml of water, alone, weigh .

Solution :

Now, mass of water is given by :

[tex]\text{Mass of water alone = Total mass - Mass of beaker alone}\\\\Mass =15.346-13.473\ g\\\\Mass =1.873\ g[/tex]

Therefore , mass of 2.2 ml of water alone is 1.873 g .

Hence , this is the required solution .

Answer:

0.092 %

Explanation:

The equation of the reaction can be computed as :

[tex]12CO_2_{(g)} + 11H_2O_{(l)} \to C_{12}H_{22}O_{11} + 12O_{2_(g)}[/tex]

[tex]\Delta H = 5645 \ kJ[/tex]

recall that; the number of moles = [tex]\dfrac{mass}{molar \ mass}[/tex]

By applying the method of enthalpy of combustion for sucrose at the same time changing the time from hours to seconds, we can determine the total energy output.

i.e

[tex]=\dfrac{0.20g \ of \ sucrose }{m^2 \ 3600 \ s}\times \dfrac{1 \ mol}{342.34 \ g}\times 5.645 kJ/mol[/tex]

[tex]= 9.16 \times 10^{-4} \ kJ/m^2 s[/tex]

Given that the sun supplies about 1.0 kilowatt, to KJ/m² s, we have:

[tex]1.0 \dfrac{kW}{m^2 }= 1.0 \dfrac{kJ}{m^2 s}[/tex]

Finally, the percentage of sunlight used to produce sucrose :

= [tex]\dfrac{9.16 \times 10^{-4} \ kJ/m^2 \ s}{1.0 \ kJ/m^2 . s} \times 100\%[/tex]

= 0.092 %

Answer:

[tex]2C_{8}H_{18 (l)} + 25O_{2 (g)}[/tex] → [tex]16CO_{2(g)} +18H_{2}O_{(l)}[/tex]

Explanation:

Answer:friction

Explanation:

Answer:

8.76M

Explanation:

Given that

Mass from the density = 1141g

According to the given situation the computation of molarity of the solution is shown below:-

we will took HCL solution which is 1000mL

HCl = 28% by mass

So,

Mass of HCl in 1-litre solution is

[tex]= \frac{28}{100} \times 1141[/tex]

Which gives the result of molar mass HCI is

= 319.48g /mol

Now,

Molarity is

[tex]= \frac{319.48}{36.45}[/tex]

Which gives results of molarity is

= 8.76M

Answer:

you use your sink and spray the little hose thingy and boom. or you can make it rain with mooney

Explanation:

no u can not make it rain in the house but if u want in the jar, here are the steps

Question: How can you make it rain indoors? 1) First, fill a glass jar with very hot tap water. 2) Then, flip the lid over and fill it with ice. ... In about 15 minutes you will see "rain" fall inside the jar .

hope this helped you

Answer:

increases reaction rates

Explanation:

Increasing the temperature increases reaction rates because of the disproportionately large increase in the number of high energy collisions. It is only these collisions (possessing at least the activation energy for the reaction) which result in a reaction.

Answer:

True.

Explanation:

The mass number of an atom can be calculated using no of protons and the no of neutrons.

Mass number = no of protons + no of neutrons

We can rearrange the above formula to find the no of neutrons as follows :

no of neutrons = Mass number - no of protons

or

Neutrons = Mass - protons.

Hence, the given statement is true.

Answer: The mineral you are describing is Muscovite Mica

I hope that this helps you !

The Characteristics of the mineral should be Muscovite

It is also known as the common mica, etc. It comprises of potassium & almunium. It should be the most common member of the mica group. It is considered as the mineral that contains one dominant direction of cleavage split into the flake & sheets, Also, due to the perfect cleavage, it can arise in thin, transparent, and the durable sheet.

Therefore, The Characteristics of the mineral should be Muscovite

learn more about mineral here: https://brainly.com/question/21864372

Given :

A 75.0 mL sample of water is heated to its boiling point.

To Find :

The heat (in kJ ) is required to vaporize it .

Solution :

Heat of vaporization of water , [tex]\Delta H_{vap}=40.65\ kJ/mol[/tex].

Molar mass of [tex]H_2O[/tex] , [tex]M=18\ g/mol[/tex] .

Density of water , [tex]\rho=1\ g/ml[/tex] .

Mass of 75 ml of water sample , [tex]m=75\ g[/tex] .

Moles of 75 g water = [tex]\dfrac{75}{18}=4.17\ mol[/tex] .

Now , heat required to vaporize 4.17 mol of water :

[tex]H=4.17\times 40.65\ kJ\\\\H=169.51\ kJ[/tex]

Therefore , heat required to boil 75 ml sample of water is 169.51 kJ.

Hence , this is the required solution .  

Answer:

AgCl + NaNO3 would be the products of the reaction between sodium chloride and silver nitrate.

The stoichiometry of this reaction is written below, and it is because for this reaction to be fulfilled the products have to be in equilibrium with the reactants, since the mass in the reaction is conserved and must be balanced in the amount of molecules that they react to each other.

Explanation:

NaCl + AgNO3 -------------- AgCl + NaNO3

Answer:

C) 1.15 × 10⁻⁷ mm

Explanation:

Step 1: Given data

Average distance between nitrogen and oxygen atoms: 115 pm

Step 2: Convert the distance to meters (SI base unit)

We will use the conversion factor 1 m = 10¹² pm.

115 pm × (1 m/10¹² pm) = 1.15 × 10⁻¹⁰ m

Step 3: Convert the distance to millimeters

We will use the conversion factor 1 m = 10³ mm.

1.15 × 10⁻¹⁰ m × (10³ mm/1 m) = 1.15 × 10⁻⁷ mm

Answer:

Tvfbggbtb

Explanation:

Answer:

1) NO2

2) NH3

3) CS2

Explanation:

CO2 is a nonpolar molecule owing to the fact that the two opposing dipoles in the molecule cancels out. Hence its primary intermolecular forces are the weak dispersion forces. How ever NO2 is polar and its molecules are held together by dipole-dipole interaction this makes the boiling point of NO2 greater than that of CO2

NH3 exhibits hydrogen bonding since nitrogen is far more electronegative than hydrogen. However, CH4 is nonpolar and the only intermolecular forces present are weak dispersion forces. This accounts for the fact that NH3 has a greater boiling point than CH4.

The boiling point of a compound also depends on its molecular mass. CS2 has a greater boiling point than CO2 due to the fact that CS2 has a larger molecular mass. The both compounds- CO2 and CS2 has exactly the same kind of intermolecular forces present between their molecules- the weak dispersion forces.

Answer:

Evaluate the result (Apex)

Explanation:

Answer:

Halogenation

Explanation:

Halogenation is a type of substitution reaction in which a hydrogen atom is replaced by a halogen atom in a molecule.

The molecule looses its hydrogen atom as the halogen is introduced into the molecule. This sort of reaction is very common in organic chemistry. Many hydrocarbons can be halogenated in the presence of light.

Answer:

a

Explanation:

Density is a physical property.

Answer:

Why the gravitational force is greater near the poles and less at equator?

Gravitational force of Earth is minimum at equator because the centrifugal force at the equator is maximum.

Centrifugal force is an outward force exerted on a body revolving in a circular path, to mantain its state of motion.

Explanation:

Here Earth revolves around its axis and the same forces act on it to enable its revolution.

Gravitational force at the equator is less because Centrifugal force, which is also acting at the equator cancels out the Gravitational force to an extent. Whereas at poles, there is no such effect of centrifugal force because earth is sphere (bulged at center; flat at poles )and hence gravitational force is maximum at poles.

The other reason is distance from any place on equator to centre of earth is more than at poles. Because Earth is bulged at centre and flat at poles. Since Gravitational force is given by

F= GMm/ r^2 ; r is the distance between two bodies.

Answer:

COBALT

Explanation:

CO BALT COBALT

Given :

Concentration of NaCl , [tex]c=0.85 \%[/tex] .

To Find :

Th amount of solid NaCl must be weighed out on the balance to prepare a bottle full containing 3500 ml .

Solution :

Concentration of NaCl is 0.85 % .

It means , 0.85 gm of NaCl in 100 ml of water .

So , amount of solid NaCl required to prepare 3500 ml solution is :

[tex]x=\dfrac{3500\times 0.85}{100}\ gm\\\\x=29.75\ gm[/tex]

Therefore , amount of solid NaCl required is 29.75 gm .

Hence , this is the required solution .

Answer:

when they have eight valence electrons.

Explanation:

When atoms do not have a full valence shell, the atoms are more likely to react with other and vice versa.

Answer:

When they have a full shell of electrons

Explanation:

and or eight valence electrons