Immanuel Kant explains how peace & cooperation are possible by stating that trade creates wealth, collaboration, global well-being, and, finally, peace.
Collaboration is the act of 2 or more persons, entities, or organizations collaborating to complete a job or achieve a goal. Collaboration is related to collaboration. Most collaboration involves leadership, albeit the type of leadership might be social within a decentralised and egalitarian group. When competing for limited resources, collaborative teams frequently get access to more resources, recognition, and rewards. Structured collaborative strategies stimulate introspection of communication and behavior. Such strategies seek to improve team success through collaborative problem-solving. Despite the fact that this is not a typical use of the phrase. In its applied sense, "collaboration is a purposeful partnership in which all participants strategically agree to cooperate in order to achieve a shared outcome."
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barry smith is a police officer who is instructed by a superior officer to beat a suspect in order to obtain a confession. according to research conducted on obedience, smith is more likely to disobey this order if
Another police officer refuses to continue to beat the suspect, as seen by Barry Smith.
What exactly is the point of confession?
Confession, also known as reconciliation or penance in the Proto - indo tradition, is the public or private acknowledgment of sinfulness that is thought to be required to obtain divine forgiveness.
What is a confession example?
"I murdered the mayor!" is an admission. "I forgot your birthday," you admit. Testimony is a sacrament in some religions, where people confess their sins and ask forgiveness. When people have a difficult confession to make, they frequently begin by saying, "I get a confession to create."
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body language can be used not only by the person talking, but also by the listener, as a way of providing feedback to the person talking. T/F
Body language can be used not only by the person talking, but also by the listener, as a way of providing feedback to the person talking
This statement is False.
Body language refers to the use of expressions, physical behaviour, and other mannerisms that help communicate each other non-verbally.
As a speaker, you can direct the course of conversation and increase the effectiveness of your speech by the mere movements of hands and gestures.
This is a great tool that some of the best speakers employ.
However, as a listener, your body language can only signify whether you are actively listening or not. This would include making eye contact and sitting facing them and leaning forward towards them.
For the purposes of feedback, you will have to verbally communicate with the other person.
The benefit of Non-verbal behaviours is that it lets people be more at ease. It also enables the foundation of unconscious trust thereby increasing connections with people.
The flip side to this, however, is that body language can sometimes lead to confusion and create unwanted tension, for an uncomfortable environment.
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In November 2014, President Obama announced an expansion of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program through an executive order. The policy would protect over 700,000 more children of undocumented immigrants from deportation. Republican members of Congress denounced the order as an abuse of executive power. Previously, members of the House of Representatives had voted to defund the program. This scenario best illustrates which of the following?
Presidents exert informal powers when their policy agenda conflicts with that of
Through an executive order, President Obama announced in November 2014 that the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) programme will be expanded. More than 700,000 additional children of unauthorised immigrants would be shielded from deportation under the idea.
A kind of administrative respite from deportation is provided under Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA). DACA's main goal is to prevent deportation for qualifying young immigrants who entered the country as minors. 27.Executive agreements between a president of the United States and another head of state do not require Senate confirmation, but they could need Congressional funding to be put into effect. Although it has the same force as a treaty, Congress or succeeding administrations are not bound by it. Encourage Congress to adopt a law reducing income taxes by applying pressure during the State of the Union Address.
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Jackie is an 18-year-old who has decided to enroll in a trade school rather than attend college. she asks you whether skipping college is likely to hurt her mental health. you advise her that, based on research using face-to-face interviews,a. College student actually showed higher rates of psychological disorders than same age peersb. College student tend to have psychological disorders of greater severity than same age peersc. College student did show lower rates of psychological disorders than same age peersd. College student and same age peers had similar rates of most psychological disorders
Jackie is making a big decision in deciding to enroll in a trade school rather than attend college. She is right to take her mental health into consideration when making this choice, as research shows that college students have higher rates of psychological disorders than same-age peers.
In research conducted using face-to-face interviews, college students showed higher rates of psychological disorders than same age peers. This included disorders like depression, anxiety, and stress. College student also tended to have psychological disorders of greater severity than same age peers. This means that the disorders are more pronounced and have a greater impact on their lives.
However, college students did show lower rates of some psychological disorders than same age peers. These disorders included bipolar disorder, eating disorders, and psychosis. This suggests that college students may benefit in some ways from their higher education.
Overall, it is clear that college students often experience higher rates of psychological disorders than same age peers. Jackie should take this into consideration when deciding whether or not to pursue a college degree. She should also consider her own individual needs and preferences in order to make the best decision for herself.
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which of the following is not one of the conditions of communicative competence habermas outlines in order to produce rational communication in the public sphere?
The claim made by a speaker that they should be critical of the crowd in order to promote reasoned discourse in public Habermas' requirements does not include communicative proficiency. The right response in this case is option D.
The foundation of Habermas' theory of communicative action is the assumption that the ability of actors to perceive the intersubjective validity of the various claims that social cooperation depends on ultimately determines the social order.
The expression of a citizen's political autonomy is their ability to communicate. Since Weber, the idea of communicative power has gained the most attention in the social sciences. It represents a distinct conception of power.
I have separated our lives into four spheres: academic, personal, professional, and civic in order to examine how communication is incorporated into every aspect of our life. There is a lot of overlap and no clear separation between these spheres' bounds.
Complete question:
Which of the following is not one of the conditions of communicative competence Habermas outlines in order to produce rational communication in the public sphere?
A - Anti-Positivism.
B - The State and Critique.
C - Theory of Communication.
D - The listener critique's the speaker's claim
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according to the yerkes-dodson law, on an easy test, performance is when physiological arousal is . best; high worst; moderate best; moderate best; low
According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, test performance is normally best when physiological arousal is moderate. The right response in this case is option A.
The Yerkes-Dodson law is a representation of the relationship between stress and task performance. It implies that you can perform at your peak level when under little stress or excitement. Arousal that is insufficient or excessive will lead to poor performance.
For instance, you could perform better if you are excited about competing in an athletic event rather than if you are a bit concerned about your exam grade. The association between arousal levels and performance in psychology is known as the Yerkes-Dodson Law.
Complete question:
According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, test performance is typically ______ when physiological arousal is ________.
a. best; moderate
b. worst; moderate
c. best; very low
d. best; very high
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a sensory experience in the absence of sensory stimuli is called: a sensory experience in the absence of sensory stimuli is called: night terrors. dissociations. hallucinations. stressors. neuroadaptations.
Hallucinations are perceptual events that take place when there are no outside sensory inputs present.
Explain about the Hallucinations?When you have hallucinations, you could perceive sounds, sights, smells, tastes, or sensations that are only in your head. Seek medical help if you or anybody else is experiencing hallucinations.
Even if they are unconnected to substance abuse, hallucinations can be a symptom of a mental illness. Hallucinations are most common in schizophrenia, though they can also happen in bipolar disorder and schizoaffective disorder. For more information, please visit our Hearing Voices area.
Hearing voices while nobody is speaking (the most common type of hallucination). These voices could be friendly, aggressive, or encouraging. They might give someone instructions that could put them or others in risk. recognizing designs, lights, beings, or objects that aren't really there.
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TRUE/FALSE. it is easier for an audience to understand your message if you provide many significant details around one point rather than spreading out information over the course of the speech
It is completely inappropriate to state that it is easier for an audience to understand your message if you provide many significant details around one point, rather than spreading out information over the course of the speech. Therefore, the statement given above is false.
A message can be referred to or considered as the process of developing a sense of communication between two or more people. It involves the conveyance of a piece of information to the one who listens, the message being expressed. Moreover, a message must be effectively communicated to the audience by spreading it out over the course of the speech.
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research study 9.1: dr. farah is an educational psychologist who is interested in studying the potential causal relationship between doing homework and academic achievement. in january, dr. farah has her students report their fall gpa (a measure of academic achievement) and estimate how many hours they spent doing homework during a typical week in the fall semester. in may, dr. farah measures the same
One of Dr. Farah's colleagues questioned her on why she hadn't just conducted an experiment. Dr. Farah may have decided against the experiment since it would be immoral to control whether or not students are required to complete homework throughout the semester.
The primary focus of educational psychology is the investigation of how people learn. This involves analyzing the way education is delivered, looking at how each learner learns best and developing instructional tactics.
Therefore, the subject and the investigator cooperate to establish a cause and effect using the experimental method, a technique frequently employed in educational psychology to examine the learning process and behavior.
Education attainment processes in both the general population and specific populations, such as talented children and those with particular issues and impairments, are the focus of educational psychology.
Complete question:
Dr. Farah is an educational psychologist who is interested in studying the potential causal relationship between doing homework and academic achievement. In January, Dr. Farah has her students report their fall GPA (a measure of academic achievement) and estimate how many hours they spent doing homework during a typical week in the fall semester. In May, Dr. Farah measures the same variables again (the estimated number of hours spent doing homework during a typical week in the spring semester and their spring GPA). She finds the following correlations.
A colleague of Dr. Farah's asks her why she did not simply conduct an experiment. Which of the following is a probable reason for Dr. Farah's choice not to conduct an experiment?
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Analyze the map to answer the question
Answer:
most travel between countries in southeast Asia by sea or air
In the current year, Bill purchased a new automobile for $88,000 that will be used 80% for business. If Bill did NOT have to consider the limitations for depreciation on automobiles, he would be able to deduct $________ in regular MACRS depreciation and bonus depreciation in the first year. However, he will only be able to deduct $_______ due to the luxury limitations.
In the current year, Bill purchased a new automobile for $88,000 that will be used 80% for business. If Bill did NOT have to consider the limitations for depreciation on automobiles, he would be able to deduct $70,400 in regular MACRS depreciation and bonus depreciation in the first year. However, he will only be able to deduct $14,400 due to the luxury limitations.
-8,000 is the maximum bonus depreciation allowed for luxury business use.
-10,000 is the maximum MACRS depreciation for usage in a luxury enterprise
In the United State, the depreciation method utilised for tax reasons is called the modified accelerated cost recovery scheme (MACRS). The capitalised cost of an item may be recouped over a predetermined time via annual deductions under MACRS depreciation. Using the MACRS approach, fixed assets are divided into classes with predetermined depreciation periods.
Bonus depreciation is a tax break that enables a company to instantly write off a significant portion of the cost of qualified assets, including machinery, rather than having to do so over the course of the asset's "useful life." The increased first-year depreciation deduction is another name for bonus depreciation.
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Which of these is a charictaristics of index fossils
Any plant or animal that has been preserved in the Earth's rock record and is specific to a certain geologic period or environment is an index fossil. A suitable index fossil needs to be unique or easily identifiable, plentiful, have a broad geographic distribution, and have a limited time range.
Characteristics of a good index fossil:
Index fossils, usually referred to as type fossils or key fossils, are those that are used to designate geologic time periods.
There are five qualities that make a good index fossil:
It is distinctive,
extensive
abundant.
restricted to a certain geologic period,
strong, and well-preserved
Because it is easier to be buried in silt in the water, the majority of fossil-bearing rocks formed there.
Thus, only a very small number of terrestrial creatures are index fossils, whereas the vast majority of index fossils are marine organisms (universal and worldwide) (limited to young rocks in specific regions and not universal for example: quickly evolving rodent teeth).
The dispersal of index fossils across the globe is aided by floatable eggs and larval stages carried by ocean currents.
abundance
vulnerability
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TRUE/FALSE. stephanie has adhd, and her teacher believes that all children with adhd misbehave in the classroom. stephanie never used to misbehave, but now her parents get a weekly phone call from the principal about stephanie's bad behavior at school. stephanie's teacher may be creating for stephanie. cognitive dissonance a subtype a self-fulfilling prophecy an actor-observer effect
Stephanie never misbehaved before, but now the principal calls Stephanie's parents every week to complain about how she acts at school. It's possible that Stephanie's teacher is forging a self-fulfilling prophecy for her. The right response in this case is option C.
It is simple to observe how self-fulfilling prophecies can trigger negative and positive thought and behavior cycles. When we have certain views about who we are, we are more inclined to act in ways that support those beliefs, which strengthens those beliefs and promotes the same behavior.
Two categories of self-fulfilling prophesies exist: When your actions are influenced by your own expectations, self-imposed prophesies happen. Prophecies that are enforced by others happen when their expectations affect your actions.
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one problem about online news is that when negative stories go viral and spread quickly without fact checking r the respect for the privacy of public figures it is possible that peopel are reading
One issue with online news is that it's possible for individuals to be reading fake news when unfavorable articles spread swiftly and without fact verification or consideration for the privacy of public personalities.
Why are more news outlets political now than they were in the past quillet?This is a brand-new aspect of what traditional journalism entails. Few news organizations can aspire for a wide-ranging, national readership since there are so many of them. Every journalist has a conservative slant.
Which of the following statements regarding how people build public opinion is truest?Many people are politically aware, but they can't recall all the details that went into their ideas.
Which of the following best describes how the media affects public opinion?The public's image of a novel topic might be completely shaped by the media. The media frequently amplifies underlying public sentiment.
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a theoretical framework for understanding how aspects of a person's identities combine to create unique modes of marginalization. true or false
A theoretical framework for understanding how aspects of a person's identities combine to create unique modes of marginalization True.
What exactly is a framework for intersectionality?A conceptualization tool known as intersectionality allows for the identification of several forms of prejudice and discrimination as having an impact on an individual, a group of individuals, or a social issue. To comprehend the complexity of prejudices people must contend with, it takes into account the overlapping identities and experiences of people.
The intersectionality of identities is what?The term "intersectionality" refers to the way that social categories like race, class, gender identity, sexual orientation, and disability interact with one another when they apply to a particular person or group. It is thought to lead to the development of multiple, interconnected systems of discrimination or disadvantage.
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The behavior genetic view suggests which of the following relationships between genes and abnormal behavior?
a. Genetic predispositions increase the likelihood of abnormal behavior.
b. It is possible and reasonable to manipulate an individual's genes.
c. Twins are more likely to exhibit abnormal behavior.
d. None of these describe the behavior genetic view.
A) Abnormal behavior is more likely to happen when someone has genetic predispositions. These are the four criteria: breaking social norms rarity in statistics. Personal anguish.
What exactly is unusual behavior?Behavior that is different from what is normal and expected is considered abnormal. Anomaly psychology is the study of abnormal behavior.
What is the theory of behavioral genetics?The study of how psychological phenotypes (traits) such as cognitive abilities, personality, mental illness, and social attitudes are affected by genetic variation is known as behavior genetics.
What's the behavioral viewpoint?Behavioral Point of View focuses on how associations, rewards, punishments, and observable responses and behavior influence our learning. The definition of education any relatively long-lasting behavior change brought about by experience.
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definethe concept of terrorism compare and contrast different psychological factors which explain why people engage in terrorism
The unlawful use of force or violence against people or property in the name of achieving political, religious, or idealistic ends is referred to as terrorism.
Define Terrorism.An act of terrorism is intended to instill fear. The main goal is to instill a sense of fear, uneasiness, and worry, even though frequently death and destruction are involved. Terrorists are not always motivated by religious beliefs.
There are five essential elements to terrorism: the commission of a violent act, the presence of an audience, the fostering of a climate of fear, the use of innocent victims, and any political objectives or motivations.
Potential terrorists frequently have issues with perceived injustice, identity, and belonging. The presence of mental illness does not explain terrorist activity in a significant way.
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research investigations of the effectiveness of mental practice in motor skill acquisition typically compare mental practice, physical practice, and no practice conditions. in general, results show that group of answer choices
In general, results show that mental practice alone is not as effective as physical practice alone, but that a combination of mental and physical practice produces greater gains in motor skill acquisition than either type of practice alone.
What is mental practice?Mental practice or visualization is a psychological technique used to enhance performance and increase motivation. It involves the use of imagination to create a mental image of oneself performing a certain action or skill. This technique can be used to practice any physical skill or mental task, from playing a sport to memorizing facts. It is believed to be an effective tool as it allows athletes and other performers to practice their skills in a safe and comfortable environment, without having to put in the physical effort or use the required equipment. Mental practice can also be used to increase confidence, reduce anxiety, and develop positive thoughts and behaviors. It is a powerful tool that can be used to help individuals reach their full potential.
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Which of the following refers to generalizable knowledge regarding cause and effect connections derived from scientific methods? A. Statistical evidence B. Big E evidence C. Little s evidence D. Little e evidence E. Big S evidence
The following refers to generalizable knowledge regarding cause and effect connections derived from scientific methods Big E evidence.
Which of the following best describes a behavior-focused self-management strategy?Self-observation, self-goal setting, self-reward, self-punishment, and self-cueing are examples of behavior-focused methods.
Quizlet: What does organizational behavior mean?Behavior in organizations. a branch of study that looks into how individuals, groups, and organizational structure affect behavior inside organizations with the goal of using what is learned to increase an organization's effectiveness.
What are some examples of self-management techniques? * Personal targets self-reflection self-rewards all of the aforementioned?the aforementioned. The finest, in my opinion, is self-observation because it automatically incorporates the others.
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in vico's theory of the evolution of human thought through rhetorical devices, which of the following was the final stage of linguistic development?
Explanation:
ok mark brainliest
Vygotsky believed that egocentric or private speech (talking aloud to one’s self) played an important role in cognitive development by
According to Vygotsky's theory, egocentric speech is a natural part of the process of learning how to communicate.
How does private speech help in cognitive development?Egocentric or private speech, or talking aloud to oneself, was regarded by Vygotsky as having a significant impact on cognitive development by
allowing young children to express and comprehend their feelings. assisting with the structuring of young children's thinking as a step toward self-regulation. scaffolding the zone of proximal development for young infants. exposing the peculiar thinking of children. Private speech enables kids to verbally control their own behaviour and focus by enabling them to disengage from environmental influences. Private communication is crucial for children to engage in at a young age, thus it shouldn't be restricted or interrupted by parents.Private speech enables kids to verbally control their own behaviour and focus by enabling them to disengage from environmental influences. Private communication is crucial for children to engage in at a young age, thus it shouldn't be restricted or interrupted by parents.To learn more about cognitive development refer https://brainly.com/question/13308352
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the foreign policy section of the bureaucracy has changed since the september 11 attacks, including the creation of several new posts. which of the following posts or departments were part of this expansion?
Department of Homeland Security director of national intelligence of the following posts or departments were part of this expansion.
What is the bureaucracy in simple terms?A bureaucracy is an advanced organization with complex processes and procedures. Decision-making is slowed down by systems and procedures that are properly executed. They are designed to maintain control and uniformity inside the organization.
What does a bureaucracy look like?Bureaucracies include all of the roughly 2,000 federal government departments, agencies, and commissions. The Department Of Homeland security, the the Internal Revenue Service, and the Veterans Compensation Management are three of those bureaucracies that are the most widely known.
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Which are characteristics of nongovernmental organizations? Select three options.
They are overseen by a nation's government.
They are required to make a profit on operations.
They are always based in the United States.
They have volunteer workers.
They function in multiple countries.
They focus on humanitarian, environmental, and economic programs.
Answer:
They have volunteer workers.
They function in multiple countries.
They focus on humanitarian, environmental, and economic programs.
Explanation:
The characteristics of nongovernmental organizations are: They have volunteer workers, they function in multiple countries, and they focus on humanitarian, environmental and economic programs. The correct options are d, e and f.
What are nongovernmental organizations?Nongovernmental organizations are a group that functions independently of any government. It is usually non-profit. NGOs, sometimes called civil society organizations, are established on community, national, and international levels to serve a social or political goal such as a humanitarian cause or the protection of the environment.
For example, NGOs might focus on activities in areas involving health or health emergencies, education, infrastructure, advocacy of minority rights, support of the poor, and the reduction of crime. NGOs rely on a variety of funding sources, from private donations and membership dues to government grants. Advocacy NGOs work to influence public policy.
Some well-known NGOs include the American Red Cross, the Salvation Army, and Amnesty International.
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The Total Force Fitness (TFF) Program is an integrative and holistic framework to better understand, assess, and maintain the fitness of the ______________.
The Total Force Fitness (TFF) Program is an integrative and holistic framework to better understand, assess, and maintain the fitness of the
Joint Force.
The US military created the Total Force Fitness (TFF) Program to help its service personnel become more physically, mentally, socially, and spiritually fit. The TFF program is built on an integrated and holistic approach to fitness that acknowledges the interdependence and connection of physical, mental, social, and spiritual wellness.
The TFF program seeks to give service members the instruments and materials they require to keep up their general health and fitness and to enhance their performance in both their personal and professional life. This involves offering tools and assistance for preserving physical fitness, controlling stress and sustaining mental health, supporting social and interpersonal skills development, and encouraging spiritual development and resilience.
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the key to undermining inequality is to recognize the multiple intersecting dimensions of privilege. this can be done by first eliminating
It hinders some racial and ethnic groups more than it hinders others. On the off chance that an organization needs more assets, it might have to get cash or sell stocks.
Which of the following is a component of the socialization process?There are three parts to the socialization process. Socialization involves both interpersonal relationships and social structure. It has three main sections: context, content, procedure, and outcomes Because it refers to one's rank within social structures, culture, language, and context, perhaps context is the most important factor in defining socialization.
For what reason do we start social connections with assumptions about others?We begin social interactions with preconceived notions about other people due to the fact that: are conserving energy by not starting with our perceptions of other people from scratch. One person would be an ideal spokesperson for an entire race or gender because members of that group are alike or at least similar.
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doll's house choose one quote from the play and explain how it is an example of one of the things i have talked about in this post or something that is talked about in the textbook.
Doll's houses are related to power and represent dolls to play with and own. This doll is controlled. Each of his moves is shown. Titles are important to social and domestic confinement. Ibsen portrays Nora as a doll.
A Doll's House revolves around 19th-century marriage, but offers insight into timeless themes such as gender roles, economic justice, and love and betrayal. According to director May, the story shows how gender inequality hurts not just women, but everyone involved, including Torvald, Nora, and their children.
A Doll's House's main message seems to be true (read:
Good) Marriage is a union of equals. The play revolves around the dissolution of marriages that do not meet these standards.
That woman is the most perfect doll I have ever dressed up with joy and admiration." "Being a doll is a terrible thing. You can't choose dolls. They can only choose. They cannot "do".
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are units of the executive branch, organized in a hierarchical fashion, governed through formal rules, and distinguished by their specialized functions.
Bureaucracy are units of the executive branch, organized in a hierarchical fashion, governed through formal rules, and distinguished by their specialized functions.
What is the bureaucracy?Both an administrative policy-making body and a group of non-elected government personnel are referred to as bureaucracies. In the past, a bureaucracy was a kind of government administration where departments were run by people who weren't elected.Bureaucracy is a phrase used to describe a sophisticated organization with nested rules and procedures. Decision-making is slowed down by the systems and procedures that have been successfully implemented. They are made to keep the organization under control and uniform.Governmental organizations, huge enterprises, and the military are typical instances of bureaucracy. Each of these businesses has a codified decision-making process, a documented set of rules and regulations, and a hierarchical organizational structure.Learn more about bureaucracy refer to :
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Emily is a doctoral student in psychology. She plans to use ________ to complete her doctoral paper, carefully monitoring a group of children without interacting with them. She's also thinking about reaching out to them in the distant future to see how their beliefs differ over a 10-year period.
A) naturalistic observations
B) case studies
C) surveys
D) assessments
Option A is the correct answer here that is naturalistic observations.
Naturalistic statement is a qualitative lookup approach where you document the behaviors of your lookup topics in actual world settings.
You avoid interfering with or influencing any variables in a naturalistic observation. You can think of naturalistic statement as “people watching” with a purpose.
What is a naturalistic observation example?Examples vary from staring at an animal's eating patterns in the forest to looking at the conduct of students in a school setting. During naturalistic observation, researchers take incredible care the usage of unobtrusive techniques to keep away from interfering with the behavior they are observing.
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https://brainly.com/question/8187021#SPJ4salivary amylase and other enzymes in saliva by regina bailey, thoughtco, adapted by newsela staff on 10.17.19 word count 446 level max
Amylases break down starch into smaller molecules, producing maltose, which is then broken down by maltase into two molecules of glucose.
Salivary amylase: What is it?According to its definition, amylase is a digestive enzyme that breaks down starch into tiny carbohydrate molecules. There are two locations where this enzyme is produced. Salivary amylase, which is first produced by salivary glands in the mouth, starts the digestive process by liquefying starch and converting it into maltose and other smaller carbs.
What functions does salivary amylase perform?Salivary amylase, which is produced by the human mouth and is a key component of saliva, is encoded by the gene AMY1. The pancreas produces amylase, which is used in the small intestine for the last stages of carbohydrate digestion.
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Grant wants to spend time after school volunteering at the hospital. However, he is a good basketball player, and practice interferes with this volunteer program. The coach and other teammates pressure him to play. Grant decides to play with the team
This is Stage 3 i.e. Postconventional morality of the Moral Stages by Kohlberg.
According to Kohlberg, there are three different levels of moral reasoning. These are preconventional, conventional, and postconventional. He further divides each level into two sub stages.
Preconventional morality. This goes unto an estimated age of 9 years. In this stage, there doesn't exist any personal sense or code for what is right or wrong. Rather, their morality depends on the standards set by the adults.
The second stage of moral development is Conventional morality. This is characterized by the acceptance and admitting the social rules regarding what is right and wrong.
The third stage is known as Postconventional morality. Here, the specific features are an individuals’ independent understanding of the ethical principles in the universe. These are ill-defined and vague. However, it might include huge concepts like the preservation of life at all costs, and the significance of human dignity.
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