Answer:
crustaceans and mollusks, bacteria, fungi, sea cucumbers, starfish, sea urchins, and other kinds of marine worms.
Explanation:
What is cancer? Is cancer only one disease?
How does cancer affect the cell cycle and the growth of cells? How is this process similar to or different from how an infectious disease affects cells?
How do genes play a role in cancer progression?
Are there any environmental or pathogenic factors that can cause cancer?
How does cancer progress in the body? Why is cancer difficult to treat in the later stages?
What do the terms stage and grade mean in the context of cancer?
What current treatments exist for cancer?
What treatments are on the horizon?
What are the challenges of treating or curing cancer?
Answer:
- Cancer isn't a single disease. The term cancer encompasses more than 200 diseases all characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of cells.
- Cancer cells also fail to undergo programmed cell death, or apoptosis, under conditions when normal cells would (e.g., due to DNA damage). In addition, emerging research shows that cancer cells may undergo metabolic changes that support increased cell growth and division 5start superscript, 5, end superscript.
Genetic Changes and Cancer
Genes carry the instructions to make proteins, which do much of the work in our cells. Certain gene changes can cause cells to evade normal growth controls and become cancer. For example, some cancer-causing gene changes increase production of a protein that makes cells grow.
- People who have certain jobs such as; painting, construction, pesticide and petroleum workers have an increased risk of cancer. Many studies have shown that exposure to asbestos, benzene, benzidine, cadmium, nickel, arsenic, radon and vinyl chloride in the workplace can cause cancer.
- Metastatic cancer causes most cancer deaths, but exactly why it is so difficult to treat is not precisely understood. Metastatic tumors often acquire additional genetic changes from those in the primary tumors that spawned them, and these genetic characteristics may cause them to resist standard treatments.
- Treating cancer is further complicated due to the lifestyle and attitude of patients, the different physiology of people and the rate their bodies will metabolise drugs, the blood supply to the tumour affecting the drug getting into the tumour, the tumour physiology and the fact that the tumour can continue to change.
- The stage of a cancer describes the size of a tumour and how far it has spread from where it originated. The grade describes the appearance of the cancerous cells.
- Cancer treatment options include:
Surgery. The goal of surgery is to remove the cancer or as much of the cancer as possible.
Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells.
Radiation therapy. ...
Bone marrow transplant. ...
Immunotherapy. ...
Hormone therapy. ...
Targeted drug therapy. ...
Cryoablation.
- Cancer treatments on the horizon
Current treatments. There are many treatments currently available to treat different types of cancers. ...
Biological therapy. ...
Haematopoietic growth factors. ...
Stem cell and bone marrow transplants. ...
Individual hormonal drugs. ...
Monoclonal antibodies. ...
Surgery. ...
Clinical trials.
- Treating cancer is further complicated due to the lifestyle and attitude of patients, the different physiology of people and the rate their bodies will metabolise drugs, the blood supply to the tumour affecting the drug getting into the tumour, the tumour physiology and the fact that the tumour can continue to change.
Explanation:
MY INTRODUCTION ARE ANSWERS TO ALL YOUR QUESTIONS (your question is too long)
which organ system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream?
Your respiratory system is the network of organs and tissues that help you breathe. This system helps your body absorb oxygen from the air so your organs can work. It also cleans waste gases, such as carbon dioxide, from your blood.
What happens to the cell's
genetic information during the cell cycle?
Answer:
Mitosis results in two nuclei that are identical to the original nucleus. So, the two new cells formed after cell division have the same genetic material. During mitosis, chromosomes condense from chromatin. ... At the end of mitosis, the cell has two identical sets of chromosomes in two separate nuclei.
Explanation:
WIll GIVE BRAINLIEST!!!!
Answer:
Both A and B
Explanation:
This was on my test today and I got it correct.
During respiration, most atp is formed as a direct result of the net movemnet of
Answer:
During respiration, most atp is formed as a direct result of the net movement of protons flowing through a channel
Which units can be used to measure length or distance? Check all that apply.
Answer:
what are the options?
Explanation:
we dont know what the units are lol
How much percentage of water does the human body have?
Answer:
Up to 60% of the human adult body is water. According to H.H. Mitchell, Journal of Biological Chemistry 158, the brain and heart are composed of 73% water, and the lungs are about 83% water. The skin contains 64% water, muscles and kidneys are 79%, and even the bones are watery: 31%.
Explanation:
does this help please mark brainliest
■ About 60% - 70% of the human body is water.
■ This can vary from person to person though. ■ The average in females is 45% - 60% , while in males it's 50% - 60%.
■ Babies have more water content percentage (70% - 75%).
[tex]\mathbb{MIREU} [/tex]
why is energy from the sun stored in the chemical bonds of glucose
15. Which of the following is controlled by multiple genes and influenced by the environment? *
Codominant traits
Single gene traits
Polygenic traits
Incomplete dominant traits
What is unique about active sites?
A: active sites provide cells with energy.
B: active sites are specific to certain substrates (reactants).
C: active sites store the genetic information of cells.
The Unique feature of Active sites is that active sites are specific to certain substrates (reactants)
Active sites are specific regions of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind in other to bring about a chemical reaction.
The active site is made up of amino acid which forms temporary bonds with the substrate otherwise known as the binding site and the residues which brings about a reaction of that substrate.
Active sites are specific to certain substrates (reactants). Therefore, option (B) is correct.
Active sites are vital to enzymes, proteins that aid biological processes. They have a distinctive form that matches their substrate molecules. This specificity allows only particular substrates to bind to and interact with the active site, catalysing processes. This is called the "lock and key" or "induced fit" model.
Enzymes' catalytic action depends on active sites. A substrate attaches to an enzyme's active site and changes conformation, lowering the reaction's activation energy. This speeds up the reaction. After the reaction, the products are released and the enzyme's active site can bind to another substrate. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
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Which of the following structures is unique to meiosis?
A) Spindle poles
B) Centrosomes
C) Spindle microtubules
D) Tetrads
E) Kinetochores
what are the primary consumers in the Arctic food web?
Answer:
Humans (notice how many arrows go towards the humans, and how there are no predators of humans).
Explanation:
3. ADP + Pi → ATP is best classified as which type of reaction?
Answer:
Hi Motomasa, you are correct that there is a bit of a misrepresentation, or at least a glossing-over, in the standard description of the function of ATP. The "energy-storing" capacity of ATP is NOT in the forming and breaking of the covalent phosphate to phosphate bonds. ATP -> ADP releases energy by two mechanisms. First because the process of hydrolysing the y-phosphate (the terminal phosphate) releases energy. And second because ATP and ADP are maintained out of equilibrium in cells. The action of utilizing an ATP brings the system closer to equilibrium, which releases energy.
There is a required energy input to break the phosphate to phosphate bond. This is the activation energy. However, the energy released upon hydrolysis and moving the system towards equilibrium are of greater magnitude than the activation energy input. I hope this helps!
What would be the phenotype of a frog if yellow toes is dominant and the frogs genotype was Yy?
Yellow
Or
Not yellow
Yellow because if yellow toes is dominant and you have Yy then it will have yellow toes
how long can you keep a fresh turkey in the refrigerator?
2 days in the fridge
Kinetic energy is described as Question 1 options: Movement Destroyed energy Stored energy Created energy
i am giving 100 points for this question
IF YOU DONT KNOW THE ANSWER OR NOT POSITIVE PLEASE DO NOT ANSWER.
Answer:
Movement
Explanation:
im pretty sure its movement, srry if wrong
Which type of tissue adds structure to
the body?
1. Muscle
2. connective
3.nerve
4.epithelial
Answer:
4. Epithelial layer
Explanation:
How does your body respond to an increase in the waste products of energy production
Answer:
body improves energy to make our body is healthy to have related fitness it's actually improve muscles , immunity , physical related fitness to being strong and proper food and exercise every day . I increased more fats and sugary food
Big brain time The sun is a planet and we are on it true or false >:)!!!!
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
The Sun is a Star, the Earth orbits the Sun.
Help plzz with biology USA test prep.
Answer:
i cant see it
Explanation:
What is NOT a characteristic of cell differentiation?
Answer:
unstable phenomenon
Explanation:
What is coal composed of?
Answer:
Coal is a sedimentary deposit composed predominantly of carbon that is readily combustible. Coal is black or brownish-black, and has a composition that (including inherent moisture) consists of more than 50 percent by weight and more than 70 percent by volume of carbonaceous material.
Explanation:
The ____________ is a muscular dome that forms the inferior boundary of the thorax, separating the thorax from the abdomen.
Answer: the answer is diaphragm
the hair cells responsible for hearing are located on the ________; their hair bundles are embedded in the ________
Answer:
Basilar Membrane; Tectorial Membrane
Hope this helped! :^)
What are some characteristics of animals in “class”
Please help this is for a project pls help it will mean so much for me
Animals can be classified according to different physical characteristics, such as body covering (e.g., hair, fur, feathers, scales, shells), body shape (e.g., two main features, three main features), appendages (e.g., arms, legs, wings, fins, tails), and method of movement (e.g., walking, crawling, flying, swimming).
during replication strands of DNA separate from each other when bonds are broken between..
A. phosphates
B. deoxyribose sugars
C. nitrgen bases
D. amino acids
During replication strands of DNA separate from each other when bonds are broken between nitrogen bases. Therefore, option (C) is correct.
What is DNA replication?The biological process of creating two identical copies of DNA from a single original DNA molecule is known as DNA replication. All living things replicate their DNA, which is the most crucial component of biological heredity.
There are two stages to the beginning of the DNA replication process. To begin, a protein known as an initiator unwinds a portion of the DNA double helix along a very short region. After then, a protein that is known as helicase attaches itself to the DNA strands and breaks the hydrogen bonds that are present between the bases. This results in the two strands of DNA being separated.
When two single strands of DNA are cut apart, a 'Y'-shaped structure is produced that is referred to as a replication 'fork.'
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The species that plays the biggest role in the habitat is?
Answer:
A keystone species is a species that plays an essential role in the structure, functioning or productivity of a habitat or ecosystem at a defined level (habitat, soil, seed dispersal, etc)
Answer:
the one that does the most damage, both to its habitat and the population of species around them.
Explanation:
what cells/organisms does the spongy parenchyma cell interact with and how
Answer:plasma cell
Explanation:
How did NASA help to distinguish genetic factors from environmental ones when studying the effects of living space?.
NASA help to distinguish genetic factors from environmental ones by
analyzing changes experienced in one twin on Earth and the other in space.
NASA planned to study how environmental conditions affects the health
conditions of humans. They decided to use twin brothers because of them
sharing the same genetic makeup.
One of them is taken to space and the other is left on earth and their health
are studied to ascertain any change as a result of the environmental change
to that of space.
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Help me please!!!!! ASAP!!!
Answer:
Noncyclic photophosphorylation (top) and cyclic photophosphorylation (bottom). These processes are better known as light reactions.
Glycolysis produces 2 ATP molecules, and the Krebs cycle produces 2 more. Electron transport from the molecules of NADH and FADH2 made from glycolysis, the transformation of pyruvate, and the Krebs cycle creates as many as 32 more ATP molecules.
I'm not sure if that'll help you, but yuhhh!