Describe some of the changes in the land and in life-forms that occurred at the end of the Paleozoic Era.

Answer:

answer one: during the day the sun's energy heats up land faster which makes the air above warmer

Explanation:

hope this helps!

Therefore, using the value of stated in the question as 0.25, we can determine the frequency of the recessive HbS allele that causes the condition, q. As a result, the HbS allele has a frequency of c) 0.5.

A population's allele frequencies can be estimated using the Hardy-Weinberg equation. The formula p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 can be used to compute genotype frequencies and dominant (p) and recessive (q) allele frequencies. P+q=1, where p is the recessive allelic frequency and q is the dominant allelic frequency, is the Hardy-Weinberg equation. In addition to representing the binomial expansion of (p + q)2, the Hardy-Weinberg genotype frequencies, p2 + 2pq + q2, also add to one.

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Answer:

It’s just how it works

Explanation:

Ap3x

a. The reactant 6CO2 enters the plant from the atmosphere.

b. The reactant energy enters the plant through an external source, such as sunlight.

c. The product C6H12O6 is glucose and is created through the process of photosynthesis, specifically the conversion of CO2.

d. The product 6O2 is considered a byproduct or waste product of photosynthesis, released back into the atmosphere.

a. The reactant 6CO2 enters the plant from the atmosphere. Plants take in carbon dioxide (CO2) from the surrounding air through tiny openings called stomata in their leaves.

b. The reactant energy enters the plant through an external source, typically sunlight. This energy is captured by pigments like chlorophyll during the process of photosynthesis.

c. The product C6H12O6 is glucose, a simple sugar and a source of energy for the plant. It is created through the process of photosynthesis, specifically the conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.

d. The product 6O2 is considered a byproduct or waste product of photosynthesis. It is oxygen gas released back into the atmosphere as a result of the photosynthetic process. Oxygen is vital for aerobic respiration and supports the survival of other organisms that rely on it for their respiratory processes.

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Answer:

Female

Explanation:

males have an "X X" chromosome while males have "XY"

The increase in farm productivity as a result of the invention of the harvester and other farm equipment has significantly improved efficiency, reduced labor requirements, and increased crop yields.

The invention of the harvester and other farm equipment has revolutionized agricultural practices by automating and streamlining various tasks. These technological advancements have led to increased farm productivity in multiple ways. The harvester, for instance, has mechanized the process of harvesting crops, reducing the need for manual labor and making it more efficient.

Additionally, other farm equipment such as tractors and irrigation systems have improved efficiency in planting, cultivation, and irrigation, further enhancing productivity. By reducing labor requirements and increasing the speed and accuracy of farming operations, these inventions have played a pivotal role in boosting crop yields and overall farm productivity.

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Answer: mitotic phase

Explanation:

The cell cycle has two phases the Interphase and mitosis. Interphase is the growth phase where the cell prepares itself for the cell division. It is divided into three phase G1 phase( Cell growth),S phase ( DNA synthesis) and G2 phase(cell growth).

Mitotic phase has a multiple steps this is where the duplicated chromosomes are aligned or arranged, separated, and move into two new, identical daughter cells(cytokinesis)

The first step in the mitotic phase is called karyokinesis or nuclear division where the chromosomes are separated and move in opposite direction and the second portion of the mitotic phase, called cytokinesis which is the physical separation of the chromatids into the two daughter cells.

Answer:

C

Explanation:

brainliest would help:]

Answer:

The answer is c the one that is shaped like a cone

Explanation:) I just answered the question and it was right. brainliest would be very nice please :)

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Answer:

I think it's c

Explanation:

A Ramachandran plot is a graphical representation used in structural biology to analyze the torsional angles of amino acid residues in protein structures. It depicts the distribution of phi (ϕ) and psi (ψ) angles, which describe the rotation around the N-Cα and Cα-C bonds, respectively, in a polypeptide chain.

The Ramachandran plot helps to identify regions of protein backbone conformation that are energetically favorable and sterically allowed. It provides insights into the allowed conformations of amino acids and aids in validating protein structures, identifying unusual conformations, and detecting structural errors.

Approximate phi and psi angles for common secondary structure elements are as follows:

It is important to note that these values are approximate and can vary depending on the specific protein and its local environment. The Ramachandran plot allows researchers to explore the conformational space of amino acid residues and identify regions that conform to energetically favorable structural characteristics.

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Answer:

gg

Explanation:

because both are the same recessive trait it would be 25% of offspring would get the trait

The restriction enzyme BamHI cuts the DNA at the recognition sequence 5'-G^GATCC-3', where the caret symbol (^) indicates the site of cleavage.

The restriction enzyme BamHI recognizes and cuts DNA at a specific sequence known as its recognition site. In the case of BamHI, the recognition sequence is 5'-G^GATCC-3'. The caret symbol (^) indicates the site where the enzyme cuts the DNA, specifically between the G and the A in the sequence.

To provide a clearer picture, the sequence 5'-GGATCC-3' is the target site for the BamHI restriction enzyme. Upon recognizing this sequence, the enzyme will bind to the DNA and cleave it between the G and the A, resulting in two DNA fragments.

Understanding the recognition sequence of a restriction enzyme is crucial in molecular biology techniques, such as restriction digestion and DNA cloning. It allows scientists to selectively cleave DNA at specific sites and manipulate genetic material for various purposes, including gene analysis and recombinant DNA technology.

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food vacuole or granule:- used to contain food for digestion .

contractile vacuole :- used to remove excess water.

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Answer:

vacuole store water nutrients and other materials and in plants support the cell structure.

Explanation:

Answer: Structure of DNA: double-stranded helix held by complementary base pairs. DNA carries the genetic information for making proteins. The four bases A, T, C and G make up the genetic code. The base sequence determines amino acid sequence in protein.

Explanation:

Answer:

time? maybe I'm not to sure but I wanted to help

Answer:

Thermal conduction is the transfer of internal energy by microscopic collisions of particles and the movement of electrons within a body.

Explanation:

About the question:

You will find the cell image in the attached files

Answer:

b.Store water

Explanation:

Here we are looking at a vegetable cell. And specifically, the X letter is labeling a vacuole, which we can recognize by its size.  

We can find vacuoles either in animal or vegetable cells. They are essential to the correct functioning of the cell.

Now we are going to describe a vegetable cell vacuole.

Usually, they occupy a central place on the vegetable cells. They are big organules, representing almost 90% of the total cell volume. They are the biggest-sized organelle of vegetable cells.

Vacuole formation is thanks to the fusion of many vesicles release by the Golgi complex, and sometimes, with the RER intervention. There are different types of vacuoles according to their function, and many times, a single cell might carry different types of vacuoles. These organelles harbor diverse fluids, among which there are water and enzymes. Eventually, they can also contain solid substances such as proteins, salts, and sugars.

Vacuoles accomplish different functions. The main one is to keep turgor, store waste elements, and substance degradation. Here we are going to focus on the turgor function that involves water storage.

Turgor is a measure of hydrostatic pressure against the cell walls and controlled by these organelles. Vacuoles incorporate substances in their interior such as ions, creating an osmotic environment variable concerning the cytoplasmic one. This environmental variability produces a water flow from inside to outside and vice-versa. The capability of water storage is crucial for vegetable cells.

Answer:

1. A) Lactobacillus

2. A) Escherichia coli. 3.

3. You did not present the answer options, which prevent this question from being answered. However, I will try to help you with the explanation below.

Explanation:

1. An adult vagina has a microbiota, that is, a group of microorganisms. This microbiota is beneficial and exists to promote protection and vaginal balance. Among the microorganisms present in the microbiota, we can mention Lactobacillus, which are responsible for preventing infections and controlling vaginal pH.

2. Cystitis is a urinary infection caused by the bacteria Escherichia coli, which resides in the human body and is important for digestion, but can cause inflammation of the bladder, as well as other stomach bacteria. Cystitis is not a contagious disease and has symptoms such as fever and difficulty urinating.

3. Sexually transmitted diseases are contagious diseases, caused by microorganisms that are transmitted from one person to another during an unprotected sexual act. Therefore, to answer the third question you should look for the answer option that presents a disease that is not transmitted by unprotected sexual contact.

104. Lactobacillus, 105. Escherichia coli, 106. Pyelonephritis, 107. Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

26. The normal microbiota of the adult vagina primarily consists of Lactobacillus. Therefore option A is correct.

Lactobacillus species are the predominant bacteria in the healthy adult vagina. They play a crucial role in maintaining a slightly acidic pH, which helps prevent the overgrowth of harmful microbes.

Lactobacillus produces lactic acid, creating an inhospitable environment for many potential pathogens. This microbial balance is essential for vaginal health and helps protect against infections.

2. Cystitis, which is inflammation of the bladder, is most often caused by Escherichia coli. Therefore option A is correct.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most common causative agent of cystitis. It is a bacterium that normally resides in the intestines.

However, when E. coli enters the urethra and travels up to the bladder, it can cause an infection. Cystitis is more prevalent in females due to their shorter urethra, which provides easier access for bacteria to reach the bladder.

3. Pyelonephritis, a more severe infection involving the kidneys, may result from: All of the answers are correct. Therefore option E is correct.

Pyelonephritis can result from various routes of infection, including urethritis (inflammation of the urethra), cystitis (inflammation of the bladder), and ureteritis (inflammation of the ureters).

Additionally, it may also occur as a complication of systemic infections, where bacteria from other parts of the body spread to the kidneys via the bloodstream.

4. The following is NOT primarily a sexually transmitted infection (STI): Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Therefore option D is correct.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a bacterium responsible for the sexually transmitted infection known as gonorrhea. Therefore, it is indeed primarily a sexually transmitted infection (STI).

In summary, the normal vaginal microbiota is mainly composed of Lactobacillus species. Cystitis is most often caused by Escherichia coli, and pyelonephritis can result from various routes of infection.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a sexually transmitted infection, making it different from the other listed pathogens.

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Answer:

B

Explanation:

The incorrect description of bacterial endospores is that they have reproductive structures. Here option D is the correct answer.

Bacterial endospores are not reproductive structures; rather, they are dormant, highly durable structures formed by certain bacteria as a survival mechanism. Endospores are formed when bacteria are exposed to unfavorable conditions, such as nutrient scarcity or environmental stressors.

Bacterial endospores are known for their exceptional resistance to harsh conditions, which enables them to survive in extreme environments that would be lethal to vegetative cells.

They possess several unique characteristics that contribute to their resilience. Firstly, endospores are highly resistant to chemicals, including disinfectants, antibiotics, and various toxic compounds. This resistance is primarily due to the presence of a tough outer layer called the spore coat.

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Answer:

B

Explanation: